tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-75962631655432804172024-03-15T18:10:04.154-07:00Global View of Waste Management by Antonis MavropoulosThe blog has been moved to http://wastelessfuture.comUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger147125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-75163662198712931032016-02-19T03:18:00.000-08:002016-02-19T03:19:05.669-08:00A Wasteless Future is more realistic than ever<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: "times"; font-size: 16.0pt;">Stay tuned - a new adventure just started. Soon, I will release the
first project for the Wasteless Future thinkers. </span><o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com90tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-53239515006635232522016-02-08T00:10:00.000-08:002016-02-08T00:35:37.476-08:00Mumbai dumpsite fire can be seen from space!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Few months ago, in the report “<a href="http://www.iswa.org/nc/home/news/news-detail/article/wasted-health-the-tragic-case-of-dumpsites/109/">Wasted Health</a>” published by
ISWA, it was clearly mentioned that dumpsites are becoming a global health
emergency. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Both the authors (me and
David Newman) couldn’t imagine that the fire that started recently in Deonar, Mumbai’s
132 hectares oldest dumpsite, that receives 4,000 tons of waste per day, will be
so emblematic for our argument. Actually, the smoke emitted is so thick that it
blotted out the sun and obviously, the health risk for the neighboring residents
are more than high. The fire is so big and intense that it is also visible from
space, according NASA’s released satellite images. You can see the relevant CNN video <a href="http://edition.cnn.com/videos/world/2016/02/04/mumbai-india-giant-garbage-dump-fire-sdg-orig.cnn">here</a>. </div>
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NASA’s
estimation is that the garbage pile is roughly 30 meters big. While the
authorities are still looking for the cause of the fire, something practically
useless since in such a dumpsite spontaneous fires are the rule and not the
exception, we can certainly remind the obvious.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
The scale of the health and environmental risks posed by
dumpsites is visible from space, so it can’t be invisible and underestimated by
decision makers, governments and international stakeholders. This is a global alarm, if we don't have a global coordinated response to the health emergency posed by dumpsites, such incidents will become more ann more frequent. We need a roadmap
to close at least all the 50 biggest dumpsites of the world right here, right
now and ISWA has already started to work on the first phase of such a project..
Anyone who would be interested to cooperate for such a project, please contact
me directly<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com23tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-32719251413135385952016-02-06T03:57:00.001-08:002016-02-06T10:15:59.534-08:00It's kids drowning in the Aegean bastards!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Refugee: a person who flees for refuge or safety, especially
to a foreign country, as in time of political upheaval, war, etc.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Refuse (noun): something that is discarded as worthless or
useless; rubbish; trash; garbage.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6MvgG18339uFmVLEVWOpmAIArrnBLAkFFaAcgq0OclD7FlVvk5ioes9TUrhmmY9cHTEtfKFbp0hePa9osG1KIgrG3s9nOF8YJBjEQeuKwauAvg01jHFnb4GgQtAYO7wZuIaMIXLZ4eGs/s1600/resize.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="291" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6MvgG18339uFmVLEVWOpmAIArrnBLAkFFaAcgq0OclD7FlVvk5ioes9TUrhmmY9cHTEtfKFbp0hePa9osG1KIgrG3s9nOF8YJBjEQeuKwauAvg01jHFnb4GgQtAYO7wZuIaMIXLZ4eGs/s320/resize.jpeg" width="320" /></a>It seems that EU finds no difference between Refugees and Refuses. However, I have noticed a remarkable difference. For Refuses (waste) EU has the famous waste hierarchy (prevention, reuse, recycling - recovery, treatment, disposal) while for Refugees the current mainstream policy is an uncontrolled barbarian disposal with two options. For many governments in EU, the preferable option is disposal onto the Aegean seabed. However, if this will not be possible for all of them, the next preference is to transform Greek islands in a huge landfill for refugees. In the meantime, kids are drowning each and every day in the Aegean Sea. Just read the facts and make your conclusion.</div>
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2015</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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590 dead refugees, most of them kids drowned, in Aegean Sea</div>
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2016<o:p></o:p></div>
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January 5th: Authorities recovered the bodies Tuesday of
at least 36 migrants who drowned off Turkey after their
boats overturned in rough waters as they tried to reach the Greek
island of Lesbos, <a href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/aegean-bodies-drowning-1.3389716">officials and news reports said</a>. Twelve others
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January 8<sup>th</sup>: Hungarian prime minister <a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/hungary/12089888/Hungary-says-migrant-influx-to-Europe-must-be-stopped-altogether.html">calls forfences</a> to be built on Greece's northern border to stem flow of refugees.<o:p></o:p></div>
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January 16th: <a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3402432/Six-refugees-dead-Greek-island-number-people-drowned-trying-cross-Mediterranean-surpasses-60-two-weeks-2016.html">Six refugees found dead off Greek island</a>
bringing number drowned in Mediterranean in 2016 to sixty already.<o:p></o:p></div>
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January 22nd: <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jan/22/dozens-dead-as-two-boats-sink-off-greece">At least 45 people, including 17 children</a>,
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw4mvhH0OkUU1W_Jtdk_HCiqULru9RqqN1W9ooHy0a6OTwWPl6sRCyLuFuHnBv75aluJBTRSDfuh96rHAw4qKCNMFskfXbFeQOl9BordUEdJIqW20_cFk7GiDR69-uItMYUievi888rY8/s1600/far-right_National_3481595b.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="199" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw4mvhH0OkUU1W_Jtdk_HCiqULru9RqqN1W9ooHy0a6OTwWPl6sRCyLuFuHnBv75aluJBTRSDfuh96rHAw4qKCNMFskfXbFeQOl9BordUEdJIqW20_cFk7GiDR69-uItMYUievi888rY8/s320/far-right_National_3481595b.jpg" width="320" /></a>January 26<sup>th</sup>: Danish parliament approves <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jan/26/danish-parliament-approves-plan-to-seize-assets-from-refugees">plan toseize assets from refugees</a>.<o:p></o:p></div>
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January 27th: <a href="http://www.trtworld.com/europe/refugee-boat-sinks-in-aegean-">Six dead when refugee boat sunk</a>.<o:p></o:p></div>
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January 29<sup>th</sup>: <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jan/29/germany-tightens-borders-as-finland-joins-sweden-in-deporting-refugees">Germany has moved to toughen itsasylum policies</a> as Finland and Sweden announced plans to deport tens of
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<!--StartFragment--><span style="font-family: "cambria"; font-size: 12.0pt;">January 30th: <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jan/30/dozens-dead-after-migrant-boat-capsizes-in-aegean-sea">37 people drowned</a> after their boat
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As of January 29, <a href="http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/01/deadliest-january-record-refugees-raises-alarm-160129180214575.html">the International Organization for Migration(IOM) recorded the deaths of at least 244 refugees </a>and migrants who tried to
reach Europe via the Mediterranean Sea, nearly three times the 82 people who
died last January, and overwhelmingly more than the 12 people who died in
January 2014. Some 55,528 refugees and migrants have arrived to Europe so
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February 1st: <a href="http://europe.newsweek.com/refugee-boat-drowns-aegean-421757?rm=eu">In the latest tragedy to strike in the AegeanSea</a>, nearly 40 refugees and migrants died after their boat capsized off
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February 6<sup>th</sup>: Austria is considering <a href="https://www.rt.com/news/331551-austria-military-balkans-refugees/">deployingtroops and police to the Balkans</a> to reduce the flow of refugees on the route
between the Turkish coast and Central Europe. “In the worst case” they will be
stopped on the Austrian border, officials warn.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com23tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-19936196113581955492016-01-05T07:34:00.002-08:002016-01-05T07:34:54.757-08:00Lyft, General Motors and the future of driverless waste management and recycling<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">The
recent news about General Motors' <a href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/us-gm-lyft-investment-idUKKBN0UI1A820160105"><span style="color: #420178;">500 million dollars investment</span></a> in <a href="https://www.lyft.com/"><span style="color: #420178;">Lyft</span></a>, <span style="color: #1a1a1a;">laid out GM's plans to develop an on-demand network of
self-driving cars with the ride-sharing service.</span> <span style="color: #1a1a1a;">"We think our business and personal mobility will
change more in the next five years than the last 50," GM President Dan
Ammann said in an interview with Reuters. The announcement came as Toyota
Motor Corp and Ford Motor Co said they would adopt the same software to link
smartphone apps to vehicle dashboard screens. Toyota and Ford, two of the
world's biggest automakers, invited rival car companies to join them to counter
the push by Apple, Alphabet, Tesla Motors Inc and others into self-driving
cars, or what the industry calls autonomous vehicles. So, it is time to warm up
the discussion about driverless cars' use in waste management and recycling
issues. And as you probably imagine, driverless cars fit perfectLy with robotics and artificial intelligence. </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;"><span style="color: #1a1a1a;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Robotics</span></b><span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Robots
are already here. More than 22 millions of them are in use in several
industrial applications, continuously working and connected to the Web.
Although they have been proved both much more difficult and expensive than it
was initially expected, the combination of robots with the new sensors and the
advances of artificial intelligence have set the scene for an exponential
growth of robotics within next 5-10 years.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe width="320" height="266" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/d35A0qkIBkM/0.jpg" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/d35A0qkIBkM?feature=player_embedded" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Robots
are already in use in the waste management industry. Back to 2010, Mitsubishi
and Osaka University researchers presented a robot that identifies different
plastic materials among rubbish and sorts them into piles. <a href="http://www.sadako.es/?page_id=39">SADAKO</a> in Spain has
created a commercial model (Wall-B) able to sort mixed household waste, equipped with a
suction system adapted to small, light and very heterogeneous target objects.
The Finnish company <a href="http://zenrobotics.com/">Zen Robotics</a> is focused in C&D waste, with its robot
capable of replacing up to 15 human waste sorters. VOLVO is currently
working on a joint venture to develop a robot that interacts with the refuse
truck and its driver to accomplish the work.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe width="320" height="266" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/RsnVm063Zfs/0.jpg" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/RsnVm063Zfs?feature=player_embedded" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">The
potential benefits of using robots are countless but it seems that their use
will be controversial: robots will replace hundreds of thousands or even
millions of workers in recycling and waste management, creating a huge negative
social impact and intense conflicts.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;"><br /></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Artificial Intelligence, driverless cars and drones</span></b><span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b><span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;"><br /></span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Artificial
Intelligence (AI) is already reshaping our lives. Either it is the rapid
response of Google to any search we made or the speech recognition, AI has
become a business as usual element of the daily lives of billions. Driverless
cars and drones are equipped with advanced AI systems that are working in
combination with powerful sensors. Their evolution goes really fast.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8RPgi_0GRkf4Dq1bFF1DKeG6t7UyjRRFMNqqaUlRdfO8fL7KbfDPSdR4y0Hg7ZqbFrCECgSUSWinKq06rfPfKjeXY_pQFxnlWtaFDf77bFgo37QLSqVr4SDjYLGOCM7HqPlWVuZBmszU/s1600/artificial-intelligence-378x225.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8RPgi_0GRkf4Dq1bFF1DKeG6t7UyjRRFMNqqaUlRdfO8fL7KbfDPSdR4y0Hg7ZqbFrCECgSUSWinKq06rfPfKjeXY_pQFxnlWtaFDf77bFgo37QLSqVr4SDjYLGOCM7HqPlWVuZBmszU/s320/artificial-intelligence-378x225.png" width="320" /></a></div>
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It
is no surprise that many car manufacturers are beginning to think about cars
that take the driving out of your hands altogether. These cars will be safer,
cleaner, and more fuel-efficient than their manual counterparts. Yet, there are
several issues to be resolved, but it seems that we are on the way to resolve
them. If the experts are right, the most important problems will be managed
before 2020.</div>
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<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Google
recently announced that by 2017 they would start to deliver packages with
drones, on a massive scale. Amazon has already published its first efforts to
use drones for delivering its products. The US Federal Aviation Agency is
working hard to complete <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/nov/26/drone-regulations-united-states-testing-air-traffic-control-system-precisionhawk">a drones traffic management system </a>until the end of
2016 and the first US database with legally licensed drones will be completed
next month.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">Driverless
collection of recyclables will not be that difficult in certain parts of the
world. And if you imagine a drone delivering your supermarket supplies to your
window and taking back your recyclables, you probably are close to a reality
that’s on the way. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;">The
consequences to traditional waste management will be tremendous. On demand
hybrid collection services will become mainstream and the road towards a
completely automatic and auto-optimized collection system will open. Important
cost reduction is expected by the use of drones and driverless cars, but first
there must be substantial investments. But, there is a high risk of more or
less jobless collection and recycling systems, especially in the most
technologically advanced places of the world. </span></div>
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However, there is a very interesting comment on the future of driverless cars. <span style="font-size: 12pt;">Dave
King, an assistant professor of urban planning at Columbia University, in a
recent interview at Washington Post mentions that <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/01/05/the-future-of-driverless-cars-isnt-going-to-look-like-you-think/">the future of driverless cars is not going to be like we think</a>. Well, let's continue the debate...</span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com21tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-17014370286902909672015-12-22T22:22:00.000-08:002015-12-22T22:23:20.160-08:00Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year to everyone<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR4B1ncGBFKa0MpGSWBQx2Dw1DKBZ59HlaEySNdKYObEbeegDUW1U4HKGbLPNfjuQ3xDrwZjfXRQG_G-CoDfuFlamfBZy4h6iueV0jXgHytMespEQ5m968GE3hIHm-zypcjaNXd6txoBA/s1600/2016D-waste.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR4B1ncGBFKa0MpGSWBQx2Dw1DKBZ59HlaEySNdKYObEbeegDUW1U4HKGbLPNfjuQ3xDrwZjfXRQG_G-CoDfuFlamfBZy4h6iueV0jXgHytMespEQ5m968GE3hIHm-zypcjaNXd6txoBA/s400/2016D-waste.jpg" width="397" /></a></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-39195955743541091942015-12-17T23:31:00.000-08:002015-12-17T23:36:21.898-08:00Star Wars: The Force Awakens - how about the recycling and waste industry? <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Few hours before the official release of the new Star Wars sequel (<i style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 18px;"><a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2488496/">Star Wars: The Force Awakens</a>) </i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 18px;">the <a href="http://www.chicagotribune.com/entertainment/movies/ct-star-wars-opens-crowd-ent-1218-20151217-story.html">buzz</a> about the movie has <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZTLAx3VDX7g">skyrocketed</a></span><i style="font-family: Georgia, 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 18px;">. </i><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 18px;">Harrison Ford revealed how his leg was almost broken <a href="http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/showbiz/tv/6811392/Harrison-Ford-speaks-about-Star-Wars-leg-break.html">by hydraulic forces</a>. The new movie is expected by decades of millions of impatient Star Wars fans. But the same is true for the reaction of the waste management industry to the tsunami of the third industrial revolution - I dare to write that we need something like a rapid awakening and paradigm shift in order to surf on the huge waves of the current technological, social and economic change. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , "times" , serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 18px;"><br /></span></span>
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"Our world is becoming more controversial than ever. We are
capable to identify the quantity and quality of water in March, in a distance
which ranges between 35<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>-100 million km
but, due to poverty and lack of appropriate global response, roughly 700
million people (1 to 10) lack access to safe water. We are discussing how to
utilize the Internet of Things in industrialized economies but, according the
recent ISWA’s “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Wasted Health: The tragic
case of dumpsites</i>” report, the health impacts of dumpsites are worst than
malaria in India, Indonesia and Philippines. On the bright side, the third
industrial revolution creates new, unimaginable opportunities for making
sustainability a cornerstone of each and every industrial sector. On the dark side,
the recent “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Global Waste Management
Outlook</i>” (GWMO) report revealed that roughly 2-3 billion people lack the
most elementary waste services while</div>
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As far as we know, industrial revolutions are long
historical waves that gradually cover the planet. In reality, even now, there
are parts of our world that have not been so much affected by the second
industrial revolution. So no one expects that the third industrial revolution
would soon transform the whole planet. But the current industrial revolution is
based on technologies that follow exponential rather than linear paths of
development – practically it means that the change that is coming will be too
big and too fast. And this change is happening with the current shift of power
(from global “north” to global “south”) and the continuously growing global
interconnectivity. It is expected that the current industrial revolution will
affect mostly the developing world (roughly 40% of the planet’s population). The
poorer part of the world will benefit much more than the richer one, for the
first time in the history of industrial revolutions. <o:p></o:p></div>
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In this rapidly changing landscape, disruption of
traditional industries will very soon be the new “business as usual”. A recent
IDC report, published on November 4 this year, predicts that by 2020 one third
of the top 20 firms, in every industry, will be seriously disrupted or even
failed. The recycling and waste management industry seems unprepared for substantial
changes – unfortunately, a good, even if complicated and expensive, adaptation
plan is not enough. What is coming is a radical redefinition of what is called
waste and how it will be managed." <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">Well, t</span>his is the introduction of my new article "Third industrial revolution and the future of recycling" that was published yesterday at the <a href="http://waste-management-world.com/">Waste Management World</a> magazine (November - December 2015 issue) - you can register for free and enjoy the whole article plus a great content from many important contributors. If you want to <o:p></o:p>continue click <a href="http://waste-management-world.com/epaper">here</a></div>
<br /></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-266050892172586382015-12-09T23:31:00.000-08:002015-12-09T23:31:08.950-08:00Circular Economy or Space Race? <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Maybe the whole world speaks about <a href="http://www.sfchronicle.com/news/science/article/The-Latest-New-draft-emerges-at-Paris-climate-6672584.php">Climate Change and COP21</a>
(as I did three times last week at this blog) and the on-going negotiations (by the way, you can read an excellent article on how to speak like climate negotiator at <a href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-to-speak-like-a-climate-change-negotiator/">Scientific American</a>), but there are two other issues
that should not be lost, especially for those of us who are involved in
recycling and waste management business. And speaking frankly, those two issues
are straightforward linked and provide completely different answers to the
resource scarcity challenges we face.</div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC3_cZ5t9sLMyp3pjcOsk3wQSyWAuTjRvo9GsfWevjVRaacbLdzba0PN_HHCZBpWSrK-R-qJa8p1wBpglMgC2I4ujvpIXT3qWJIdYHFyZ4VoUqN1EaFA2HnWbOnXiFqblhSCX4NfBmy3I/s1600/News+EU+Circular+economy.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiC3_cZ5t9sLMyp3pjcOsk3wQSyWAuTjRvo9GsfWevjVRaacbLdzba0PN_HHCZBpWSrK-R-qJa8p1wBpglMgC2I4ujvpIXT3qWJIdYHFyZ4VoUqN1EaFA2HnWbOnXiFqblhSCX4NfBmy3I/s1600/News+EU+Circular+economy.JPG" /></a></div>
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The first one is known and pretty well discussed. The European Commission adopted a more or less ambitious <a href="http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-15-6203_en.htm">CircularEconomy Package</a> to stimulate Europe's transition towards a circular economy,
which, according the EU officers, will boost global competitiveness, foster
sustainable economic growth and generate new jobs. The proposed actions will
contribute to "closing the loop" of product lifecycles through
greater recycling and re-use, and bring benefits for both the environment and
the economy. The plans will extract the maximum value and use from all raw materials,
products and waste, fostering energy savings and reducing Green House Gas
emissions. The proposals cover the full lifecycle: from production and
consumption to waste management and the market for secondary raw materials.
This transition will be supported financially by ESIF funding, €650 million
from Horizon 2020 (the EU funding program for research and innovation), €5.5
billion from structural funds for waste management, and investments in the
circular economy at national level.</div>
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This new package replaced the previous one that the European
Commission withdrew on December 2014. Well, there are many things to discuss
about this new package, but I will come back later on that. If someone wants to
go further, have a look at the reactions of <a href="http://www.iswa.org/media/publications/presidents-blog/">ISWA</a>, <a href="http://www.cewep.eu/m_1464">CEWEP</a>, <a href="http://www.expra.eu/uploads/downloads/Overview/PRESS%20RELEASE%20CEP_2December%202015.pdf">EXPRA</a>, <a href="http://www.fead.be/images/PDF/press/FEAD_Press_Release_-_Circular_Economy_-_2_December_2015.pdf">FEAD</a> and <a href="http://www.municipalwasteeurope.eu/sites/default/files/PRESS%20RELEASE%20MWE%20CEP2-12-15.pdf">Municipal Waste Europe</a>.<o:p></o:p></div>
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For me, it is really interesting to notice that while EU
tries, faster or slower, more or less successfully, to set the scene for a less
linear economy with much more closed loops, at the other side of the Atlantic
Ocean, we have a completely different signal. So let’s move to the second issue.
On Monday, November 16, the USA Congress voted (and later president Obama
signed) the ‘‘<a href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/1508/text">Space Resource Exploration and Utilization Act of 2015</a>’’. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>According this bill, the President, acting
through appropriate Federal agencies, shall:<o:p></o:p></div>
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‘‘(1) Facilitate commercial exploration for and commercial
recovery of space resources by United States citizens;<o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo3gvuzzIekFOQHGVV7LocjLzCYoDEgO8-9hOzk7vpXE8cAb5bKecpZFI6eB5p_xKPnnZX0wsPEhhCoGpRA-12bxChBF8jqUVAJKjjZYVcOREcI5oalCRl7lvZ_zBlnic-ALSUW-riQmw/s1600/tumblr_inline_moxlgtSnXI1qz4rgp.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgo3gvuzzIekFOQHGVV7LocjLzCYoDEgO8-9hOzk7vpXE8cAb5bKecpZFI6eB5p_xKPnnZX0wsPEhhCoGpRA-12bxChBF8jqUVAJKjjZYVcOREcI5oalCRl7lvZ_zBlnic-ALSUW-riQmw/s320/tumblr_inline_moxlgtSnXI1qz4rgp.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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‘‘(2) Discourage government barriers to the development in
the United States of economically viable, safe, and stable industries for
commercial exploration for and commercial recovery of space resources in
manners consistent with the international obligations of the United States; and<o:p></o:p></div>
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Well, if there are still doubts about what it means, allow
me to explain it by the words of Representative Lamar Smith, Texas Republican
and chairman of the Science Committee who commented that “This bill encourages
the private sector to launch rockets, take risks and shoot for the stars".
Peter Diamandis, Co-Founder and Co-Chairman of the company <a href="http://www.planetaryresources.com/#home-intro">Planetary Resources</a>,
Inc., said, “A hundred years from now, humanity will look at this period in
time as the point in which we were able to establish a permanent foothold in
space. In history, there has never been a more rapid rate progress than right
now.” According Peter Diamandis this is effectively the largest piece of
resource legislature ever signed by a U.S. president. There are <a href="http://www.theregister.co.uk/2015/11/27/asteroid_mining_act/">many concerns</a>
about this legislation piece, since international space law is considered as full
of gaps and ambiguities and the right of any private company to utilize
asteroid’s resources maybe easily be in doubt. However, the reasoning is very
clear. Over the last 15 years, large populations of asteroids that come very
close to the Earth have been discovered.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>They are resource-rich, composed of valuable materials: fuels (hydrogen
and oxygen), construction materials (nickel, iron, and cobalt), and platinum
group metals (platinum, palladium, osmium, iridium) for strategic uses (like
electronics). Peter Diamandis says that “…most of the large 250 meter to 1
kilometer rocks are worth trillions of dollars, and as such, they represent
some of the most valuable real estate in our solar system. Even better, most of
them are energetically easier to reach than the surface of the Moon.” <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPQH__2Lx1euB86kAnP33skbFXvbwdS7abeFjWO6IZf63miHCz-Yu_JY7CM7lc11u5qyp87bO8uyboe1UwBMllB54-622bGbxchtQEv321y5gGq1YQgX1G-1PwLa1emC2La7tCt8PyTEI/s1600/Asteroid-mining.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="186" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPQH__2Lx1euB86kAnP33skbFXvbwdS7abeFjWO6IZf63miHCz-Yu_JY7CM7lc11u5qyp87bO8uyboe1UwBMllB54-622bGbxchtQEv321y5gGq1YQgX1G-1PwLa1emC2La7tCt8PyTEI/s320/Asteroid-mining.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Well, clearly we have two completely different directions.
EU tries to close the loops and optimize the use of limited resources in order
to manage the upcoming resource scarcity and stimulate a circular economy. USA
sets the scene for exploiting resources beyond Earth’s limits as a mean to pave
the way for private companies to own any natural resources they manage to mine
from asteroids. Truly, next time we will discuss on closed loops and circular
economy, we have to ask “for which planet?”<o:p></o:p></div>
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<o:p> </o:p>But besides those two different directions, the discussion
on asteroids’ resources and the right of private companies to utilise them
(actually the USA Congress bill says something very simple: first comes, first
takes) creates an interesting question for circular economy too. The question
is about the ownership of critical resources, in the framework of closed loops
and circular economy. Prioritising access above ownership, as it is the main
stream thinking in circular economy, we can’t overlook the fact that access
will be finally given by the owners of critical materials. Let’s suppose that
gradually we will develop, globally, almost completely closed loops for
materials like mobile phones – then sooner or later, the companies that produce
mobile phones (and take them back at the end of their life time) will control the
loops of metals like copper, gold, lead, zinc, beryllium, tantalum or coltan.
So what will happen around 2030, when the world’s reserves in copper are going
to be depleted? Are we going to live in a world that critical resources will be
fully controlled by big private sector multinational companies? If this is the
case, then access to those materials will be also completely governed by those
companies too. So, both the case of asteroids’ resources and the case of
circular economy should be alarming – we need to open a broad discussion about
the ownership of the critical resources and the rules that will define the
access to them, independently of their location on Earth or in asteroids - otherwise the problem will be solved according
the jungle rules “first comes, first takes” and “the winner takes it all”.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-32499090181962278282015-12-04T07:55:00.002-08:002015-12-05T09:36:32.764-08:00COP21 & Climate Finance, investment or assistance?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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As the discussions in Paris are getting <a href="http://www.skynews.com.au/news/world/europe/2015/12/04/financing-key-at-un-climate-summit.html">hotter</a>, some serious
<a href="http://www.cbsnews.com/news/president-obama-fighting-climate-change-building-legacy/">dilemmas</a> are getting more obvious – unfortunately, we are still far away from
having a common and targeted response to the questions posed. Let’s see the example of Bangladesh. With a
population of 140 million, Bangladesh is one of the world's most populated
countries. It is also one of the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate
change. Cyclones, floods and droughts have long been part of the country's
history and they have intensified in recent years. As a result of the long
exposure to these hazards, Bangladesh is a world leader in adaptation
strategies but this has come with a heavy price tag. Bangladesh’s Ministry of
Finance has been working with the UNDP-UNEP Poverty-Environment Initiative to
launch its first comprehensive climate change accounting system. The results of
the financial review were really astonishing.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi61gMPlqxEziKbzyzGXCftGEsihJOl1fM9Hh9DW54CJiRBemPhULIifmfodQCM4-vCiXcEyumfVsagD_f8pApdO82CzBCM1RbnXzLuDxNKWssoiZjTCSSNSHJnjTK2vKyHLRC9hapVsq8/s1600/climte-finance-report-image_0.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi61gMPlqxEziKbzyzGXCftGEsihJOl1fM9Hh9DW54CJiRBemPhULIifmfodQCM4-vCiXcEyumfVsagD_f8pApdO82CzBCM1RbnXzLuDxNKWssoiZjTCSSNSHJnjTK2vKyHLRC9hapVsq8/s320/climte-finance-report-image_0.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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Bangladesh currently spends $1 billion a year, 6 to 7% of
its annual budget, on climate change adaptation. This is roughly 20% of the
World Bank’s forecasted adaptation budget for the next 35 years! But it was
spent just for one year (but this is another story, there are a lot of
questions about the <a href="http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2015/12/03/paris-united-nations-climate-conference-2-degrees-celsius/76709712/">reliability of those long-term forecasts</a> and their
documentation). The facts reveal that 75% of money spent on climate change in
the country comes directly from the government, while 25% comes from
international donors. There is one more shocking detail: the average European
citizen emits as much carbon in 11 days as the average Bangladeshi in an entire
year. </div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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Then, allow me to come back to my previous post on Climate
Justice. We can’t put the burden for fighting climate change and funding
adaptation strategies to the citizens of Bangladesh, we simply can’t ask them
to pay for their protection from the pollution that the Western World has
created – but this is exactly what’s happening now, in many cases, as the case
of Bangladesh. If we don’t stop this practice, we simply erode any reliable
agreement on Climate Change – as I have already written there is no real
agreement without Climate Justice. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOxPyZ4-UHLV3vu5HYVs59Oijsf-umizU5YVbgzVKZ1waWu_ehgtbc9G3k4CWGd5dAxrx8QktUJQFEUhEOyu2LY5LxiWpzqND-zcAUKSuIqXbCvewzQy_x_7sjQmzZEUdDb7zADLUB-70/s1600/ClimateFinance-365x361.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOxPyZ4-UHLV3vu5HYVs59Oijsf-umizU5YVbgzVKZ1waWu_ehgtbc9G3k4CWGd5dAxrx8QktUJQFEUhEOyu2LY5LxiWpzqND-zcAUKSuIqXbCvewzQy_x_7sjQmzZEUdDb7zADLUB-70/s320/ClimateFinance-365x361.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Ok, but someone can say that rich countries are committed to
provide 100 billion dollars to developing countries by 2020. On December 2, the
US special envoy for climate change Todd Stern had told a press conference that
donor countries were “well on the way to beating that pledge”. But allow me to
mention that I have some doubts about those 100 billion dollars. Initially, I
doubt a little bit about if those money will be, finally, available and also, I
have my questions regarding the time horizon in which they will be given. In addition “If
today’s public adaptation finance were divided among the world’s 1.5 billion
smallholder farmers in developing countries, they would get around $3 each year
to cope with climate change – the price of a cup of coffee in many rich
countries,” as Oxfam’s climate policy adviser Jan Kowalzig recently said. <o:p></o:p></div>
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But, unfortunately, I have a more important doubt. Are those
100 billion dollars going to be given as loans (which means actually as an
investment that will provide a certain profit) or as grants? Is it going to be
recognition that rich countries have to pay a big part of the bill they have
created or it will be one more way to create long-term dependencies of the poor
countries? Gambia’s environment minister, and representative of the least
developed countries group, Pa Ousman Jarju was absolutely right when he said:
“We cannot take loans to pay for climate change and take that as climate
finance. For us it needs to be grant-based finance because we are not responsible
for what is happening.” So, let’s hope he will be heard, but let’s think that
if the rich countries follow the path of loans, any climate deal will be
fragile, ineffective and it will create much more problems than it will
resolve. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-63589156677257052242015-11-30T02:55:00.000-08:002015-11-30T02:55:18.984-08:00COP 21: No deal on Climate Change without Climate Justice<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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As the European Climate and Energy Commissioner Miguel Arias
Canete <a href="http://www.trust.org/item/20151125152958-zo5kc/?source=gep">announced</a> that EU is ready to work day and night for a right climate
deal in Paris, it was really out of my control to combine and compare this
statement with the EU’s statements and the actions taken for the refugees. "The
EU will fight for a very ambitious deal. When you have 196 parties, the easy
way out is to agree a minimalistic agreement," Miguel Arias Canete told
reporters and he continued "We will work day and night to have an
ambitious agreement that is fit for purpose". Clearly the 28 EU member
states will be unified and supportive for a new climate deal. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEsD-MG4Pmt9ZUkgd-4qt0WIUIPUvl2QyMD-8u8XdlSWCdQG0xu02SqsiR33eNMsMWiSRQ0VaTfidDpJs8S18zLIWmHNbiG-gugqBAdeK0c8hfkv4JDojjVqa9K9OAkKSPbZDQcQgZRr0/s1600/20131210054541-Climate_Justice_banner_made_of_colored_strips_of_cloth_--_Copenhegan_2009.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEsD-MG4Pmt9ZUkgd-4qt0WIUIPUvl2QyMD-8u8XdlSWCdQG0xu02SqsiR33eNMsMWiSRQ0VaTfidDpJs8S18zLIWmHNbiG-gugqBAdeK0c8hfkv4JDojjVqa9K9OAkKSPbZDQcQgZRr0/s320/20131210054541-Climate_Justice_banner_made_of_colored_strips_of_cloth_--_Copenhegan_2009.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Well, that’s fine but compare this statement with the
delayed, completely uncoordinated, sometimes racist and finally ridiculous
discussion about the EU refugees’ crisis. As The Guardian <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/29/germanys-plan-to-strike-eu-wide-refugee-sharing-deal-stalls">recently</a> wrote “Months
of European efforts to come up with common policies on mass immigration
unraveled on Sunday when <span style="color: windowtext;">Germany</span>
led a “coalition of the willing” of nine EU countries taking in most refugees
from the Middle East, splitting the union formally on the issues of mandatory
refugee-sharing and funding. An unprecedented full EU summit with Turkey agreed
a fragile pact aimed at stemming the flow of migrants to <span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Europe</span> via Turkey. But the
German chancellor, Angela Merkel, frustrated by the resistance in Europe to her
policies, also convened a separate mini-summit with seven other leaders to push
a fast-track deal with the Turks and to press ahead with a new policy of taking
in and sharing hundreds of thousands of refugees a year directly from Turkey”.
So, we are ready for an ambitious climate deal but we are 100% unprepared and
(many) unwilling to deal with the stream of refugees that are coming mainly
from Syria – so how are we going to deal with the roughly 200 million climate
refugees that are expected for the next 20-30 years? <o:p></o:p></div>
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The question is not theoretical at all. Between 2008 and
2013, some 140 million people were displaced by weather-related disasters;
meanwhile, gradual displacements, such as those caused by droughts or sea-level
rise, affected the lives of countless others. Today’s policies on climate
change cast migration as an impending humanitarian catastrophe and as a failure
to adapt to changing environments back home. As a result, policies focus on
reducing migration, commonly assuming that overwhelming flows of migrants from
poor countries will be flooding industrialized countries. But many believe that
climate migration is one of the most important ways for climate adaptation. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOdk9qtwr5ZavHUaMiTwWGCyUB7-sAw5PWDFZJi50mFj2oHHSGEkJ8PulvILMVdOW32W4-hx11PQcPe9mhxwl1sVhikR53mj0EBvcmY_cQUl-mJdwCHhIskY4pddrELD9nzUrrfPEHzwc/s1600/640_setp_21__2009_climate_action_sf_3_1_1_1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOdk9qtwr5ZavHUaMiTwWGCyUB7-sAw5PWDFZJi50mFj2oHHSGEkJ8PulvILMVdOW32W4-hx11PQcPe9mhxwl1sVhikR53mj0EBvcmY_cQUl-mJdwCHhIskY4pddrELD9nzUrrfPEHzwc/s320/640_setp_21__2009_climate_action_sf_3_1_1_1.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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In the recent report <a href="http://www.worldwatch.org/state-world-2015-confronting-hidden-threats-sustainability-0">State of the World 2015</a>, it is clear
that there are two policy options for climate refugees. The first is to provide
migration opportunities for the most vulnerable populations, including
improving access to resources, information, and networks to allow them to
relocate. The second opportunity lies in adapting destinations, such as urban
areas in developing countries, to host and integrate communities of migrants.
One of the report’s contributors, Francois Gemenne commented that “The
paramount goal of policy responses should be to enable people’s right to choose
which adaptation strategy is best suited for their needs. This implies that
people should be entitled with both the right to stay and the right to choose.”
He also noted “Current adaptation policies tend to focus on the right to stay.
Today, governments are aiming to reduce the number of people who are forced to
migrate, ignoring those who might in fact prefer to leave but are forced to
stay against their will or ability. Extending the migration options of
populations…would require a broader development agenda.” Clearly this is a key
– issue of the emerging movement for Climate Justice. There are many different
definitions of Climate Justice but I prefer this one, as the <a href="http://globaljusticeecology.org/climate-justice/">Global JusticeEcology Project</a> proposed it.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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Climate Justice is “The historical responsibility for the
vast majority of greenhouse gas emissions lies with the industrialized
countries of the Global North. Even though the primary responsibility of the
North to reduce emissions has been recognized in the UN Climate Convention, the
production and consumption habits of industrialized countries like the United
States continue to threaten the survival of humanity and biodiversity globally.
It is imperative that the North urgently shifts to a low carbon economy. At the
same time, in order to avoid the damaging carbon intensive model of
industrialization, countries of the Global South are entitled to resources and
technology to make a transition to a low-carbon economy that does not continue
to subject them to crushing poverty. Indigenous Peoples, peasant communities,
fisherfolk, and especially women in these communities, have been able to live
harmoniously and sustainably with the Earth for millennia. They are now not
only the most affected by climate change, but also the most affected by its
false solutions, such as agrofuels, mega-dams, genetic modification, tree
plantations and carbon-offset schemes”.<o:p></o:p></div>
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As India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed during the 2015 UN General Assembly </div>
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"When we think of climate change, somewhere we try to
safeguard our personal interests. But if we talk of climate justice, we
spontaneously resolve to keep the poor safe during natural disasters".<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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<o:p> </o:p>So let me finalize putting one more question. How is it
possible to have a fair climate deal without Climate Justice? Is it possible,
at all, to have a successful fight against climate change without a global,
coordinated and fair response to the climate refugees? And how about
considering climate migration as one of the key-ways for adaptation?</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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I will come back to those questions very soon, but until
then think that we have to change our attitude: mass migration and massive
refugees’ streams should not be considered as crisis anymore – they are the new
normal reality in the planet we made!<o:p></o:p></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-68738773583485209212015-11-17T06:23:00.000-08:002015-11-18T04:57:27.598-08:00Climate Change is as alarming as Paris Attacks!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">We are all aware of the recent Paris Attacks by ISIS that resulted in a massacre. <a href="http://www.ctvnews.ca/world/paris-attacks-details-about-victims-and-suspects-1.2661296" style="line-height: 1.3;">At least 89 people were killed inside the Bataclan concert hall, while at least 29 died at three restaurants</a><span style="line-height: 1.3;">. More than 350 were injured and many remain in hospitals. Although we are still shocked, we do hope that Paris will soon recover and become again the city that Ernest </span><span style="line-height: 20px;">Hemingway</span><span style="line-height: 1.3;"> describes like this </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #181818; line-height: 18px;">“If you are lucky enough to have lived in Paris as a young man, then wherever you go for the rest of your life, it stays with you, for Paris is a moveable feast.”</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #181818; line-height: 18px;"> But there is another good reason to think on Paris and this is the upcoming <a href="http://www.cop21paris.org/about/cop21">COP on Climate Change</a>.</span><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #181818;"><span style="line-height: 18px;"> And I have a very clear message about it. </span></span></span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #181818; font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 18px;"><b>Climate change is going as alarming as the Paris Attacks. </b></span></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj28LLuVyIXmNMpoOQl7IRYxvJGIUtUlZZPHGDNpIENIoXmxrMJXYqatHWTuUZ9PJtCeDfZGHd_mREpD5t58LtCCApuLmwu6EgOqBw0PsBZI6KWHOKhB5hGCEcKAGtndBmqSntTRuVNev0/s1600/climate-change.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj28LLuVyIXmNMpoOQl7IRYxvJGIUtUlZZPHGDNpIENIoXmxrMJXYqatHWTuUZ9PJtCeDfZGHd_mREpD5t58LtCCApuLmwu6EgOqBw0PsBZI6KWHOKhB5hGCEcKAGtndBmqSntTRuVNev0/s320/climate-change.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #181818; font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 18px;"><b><br /></b></span></span></span></div>
I suppose that most of us are aware of the climate change
impacts and the long-term irreversible problems that will be created. I also
suppose that many people, although they do not doubt at all for the core
climate change arguments, are thinking that sometimes the impacts and the
urgency are somehow exaggerated. Of course, there are climate change deniers (some
of them as serious as Donald Trump who recently twitted “This very expensive
GLOBAL WARMING bullshit has got to stop. Our planet is freezing, record low
temps, and our GW scientists are stuck in ice”). And, finally, there is a also a huge grey area
of people that are thinking that “the scientific facts are too complex to be
understood” or that “this is one more sign of the environmental catastrophe that
is often predicted” or simply that “ok, but human are too genius and they will
find their way to manage the problem”.<br />
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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Well, allow me to say something in a very clear way. What we
have to do, right here, right now, is to react in a red alarm that is becoming
louder and louder, day-by-day. All the recent scientific facts confirm that
this is a full-blown crisis. Let me recap some of the ones I went through this
summer, with the valuable help of Jeremy Grantham and his great GMO Newsletter.
<o:p></o:p></div>
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Visible changes in the climate have been accelerated; many
more records than normal of droughts, floods, and, most particularly, heat have
been achieved. Last year was the hottest year ever recorded, and this year,
2015, helped by an El Niño, has gotten off to a dreadful start. This year,
global average surface temperatures are likely to reach 1 degree Celsius (1.8
degrees Fahrenheit), above preindustrial temperatures for the first time,
according to the UK Met Office. This puts the world halfway to the
internationally agreed warming target of 2 degrees Celsius, or 3.6 degrees
Fahrenheit. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Other data, also recently released,
shows that 2016 will be the first year in all of human history when the amount
of carbon dioxide in the air meets or exceeds 400 parts per million for the
entire year. As of 2014, that annual figure was 397.7 parts per million, which
is an astonishing increase of 143% from the level in the air prior to the
industrial revolution, according to the World Meteorological Organization
(WMO). According to the <a href="http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/seasonal-to-decadal/long-range/decadal-fc">Met Office</a>, the world has already emitted around
two-thirds of the carbon dioxide it can put into the atmosphere to have a
likely chance (more than 66% chance) of limiting warming to below 2 degrees
Celsius.<span style="font-family: "times"; font-size: 21.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Times;"> </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgP0VzFNPIt5VaoE03XrkLB_cLpMlmQzVjFFQBpPl_jyR6LHC6eLhq8kiTDsDpf6Uo-rxicLkmGk0PwMRghGzKRtlN0u5Bi7meqJeM0QMdYEYIM0kj2sVziOI4USm1Id63GPMpe94puYA/s1600/Climate-Change-polar-bear.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgP0VzFNPIt5VaoE03XrkLB_cLpMlmQzVjFFQBpPl_jyR6LHC6eLhq8kiTDsDpf6Uo-rxicLkmGk0PwMRghGzKRtlN0u5Bi7meqJeM0QMdYEYIM0kj2sVziOI4USm1Id63GPMpe94puYA/s320/Climate-Change-polar-bear.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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The World Wildlife Fund, “<a href="http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/all_publications/living_planet_report/">Living Planet Report</a>,” published
in September, 2014, estimates the disastrous decline in total animal life: in
general it has halved in the last 40 years, with bird populations down 40%. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The recent report (end of 2014) of the Audubon
Society “<a href="http://climate.audubon.org/sites/default/files/Audubon-Birds-Climate-Report-v1.2.pdf">Audubon’s Birds and Climate Change Report: A Primer for Practitioners</a>”
presents the damage likely to be inflicted on future bird populations by
climate change and it highlights that maybe in the next 40-60 years we will
have a very limited bird population. The excellent SCIENCE Article, “<a href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/344/6185/735.long">Marine IceSheet Collapse Potentially Under Way for Thwaites Glacier Basin, WestAntarctica</a>” announces that the Thwaites Glacier4 in the Antarctic has “gone
irreversible”. There are also several recent articles that deal with the direct
thermodynamic effects of a warming climate, which account for most of the
increase in extreme temperature events. In a simplified way they state that
climate change may not cause more hurricanes or more droughts, but when they do
occur, the higher ocean and air temperatures will guarantee that these events
will be worse than they would have been in a lower-temperature world. In a
great paper titled “<a href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/349/6243/aac4722">Contrasting futures for ocean and society from differentanthropogenic CO2 emissions scenarios</a>”, published on July 2015, at Science, 22
scientists led by Jean-Pierre Gattuso argue that any new global climate
agreement must begin to minimize the mounting toll on the world’s oceans to
prevent irreversible damage. They also mention that oceans are not receiving
their appropriate share of concern while ocean life is diminishing at the
fastest rate since the so-called Great Dying of 250 million years ago. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>One of the co-authors, professor
Hoegh-Guldberg said “There’s compelling evidence that increases in the
atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are
already resulting in fundamental changes to the physical, chemical, and biological
properties of our planet”.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Last but not least, Andy Lee, in his article on July 2015 "The conflict between demographics and water in the Middle East",
puts the water stress in Middle East as a cornerstone of the current and the
emerging conflicts. He states “Bloomberg recently reported that water levels on
the Euphrates River that
flows from Eastern Turkey through Syria to Iraq have
fallen more than 50% this year, withering farmers’ crops and raising the risk
of a wider regional conflict. Both Iraq and the Islamic State say that Turkey
needs to release more water from its dams to replenish the river in the former
Fertile Crescent where drought conditions now endanger millions. The situation
for Iraq has grown even more acute after Islamic State used a dam captured in
Ramadi to cut off water to government areas. The situation will only get worse
as Turkey is due to complete the last 6 dams in a 22 dam project on the
Euphrates and Tigris next year despite Iraqi protests. As the surrounding soils
dry out, less water is absorbed into the ground. The Euphrates and Tigris have
the second fastest
rate of groundwater storage loss after India according to
Chatham House. A NASA study of the two river basins shows stored freshwater
water reserves of 144 cubic kilometers, equal to the Dead Sea or 152% of the
two countries’ 2008 annual renewable water resources, were lost over the 7
years through 2009. Soils drying up accounted for about 20% of the loss, with
surface water from lakes and reservoirs another 20%, and the rest was depleted
from underground aquifers. Meanwhile, demand for freshwater continues to rise.
Does this explain some of the fighting in the region, and the low value people
put on their own lives? What happens when the aquifers are exhausted as they
surely will be in the next few years?”</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7U0mCtonS4oaw9O96DQNojdp8HsVkNP8Oamo7fjxmDXgF4ZZdoXjfm-cdv-5NrNZCFOiTZaavOnwPq8PTnaVxdPOHTmSoJK9tUgsGc82ZfFwioNy6BL6db2kMc4VpuzilkPVtl6kDdNw/s1600/1424210211877.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7U0mCtonS4oaw9O96DQNojdp8HsVkNP8Oamo7fjxmDXgF4ZZdoXjfm-cdv-5NrNZCFOiTZaavOnwPq8PTnaVxdPOHTmSoJK9tUgsGc82ZfFwioNy6BL6db2kMc4VpuzilkPVtl6kDdNw/s320/1424210211877.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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There is no time left – adaptation and mitigation strategies
are going too slow. As many people believe, it seems that we need something
like a Marshal Plan for planet Earth. And probably this plan will cost
trillions of dollars. But just a minute, let’s think again about the costs. In
2015, the global military expenditures were 1.7 trillion dollars.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For the years 2010 – 2015, the global
military expenses were roughly 10 trillion dollars! Each year we spent 75-80
billion dollars for cyber security and 70 billion dollars for pet food. And
according the <a href="https://www.iisd.org/GSI/fossil-fuel-subsidies">Global Subsidies Initiative </a>“Globally, subsidies to fossil fuels
may be on the order of US$ 600 billion per year, of which the GSI estimates
about US$ 100 billion is provided to producers. Nobody knows the real
number, however, because there is no international framework for regularly
monitoring fossil-fuel subsidies”.<o:p></o:p></div>
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So, how much money we need to tackle climate change? What
will be the cost of a Marshal Plan for Earth? Many different groups converge to
something like 150 – 200 billions dollars per year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is just double of the global spending on
pet food! It is less than 10% of the global military spending and 25% of the
subsidies given to fossil fuels! Recently, <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/nov/05/thomas-piketty-proposes-flight-tax-to-raise-climate-funds">Thomas Piketty proposed a flight tax</a>
to raise 150 billion dollars climate funds per year. According his proposal,
air travel should be taxed to protect the world’s vulnerable from drought,
flooding and sea level rise. A €180 ($196/£130) levy on business class tickets
and €20 on economy class would raise the estimated €150bn a year needed for
climate adaptation.<o:p></o:p></div>
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I am sure that there are many other creative ways to find
the, finally, tiny amount of money required every year. So the problem is not
the availability of funds. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The problem is that one-tenth of people are responsible for
45% of global emissions. Sunita Narain, the director of the Indian Centre for
Science and Environment, recently said "<a href="http://www.euractiv.com/sections/climate-environment/piketty-rich-individuals-must-foot-bill-climate-change-319181">We must put an end toenvironmental colonialism. Individuals have a right to development, whereverthey are</a>…The problem is that the United States will manage to get their total
lack of ambition accepted in the Paris agreement, which means Africa and India
will have no room for development". As Piketty recently explained in
Guardian "the countries of the North should be convinced to finance more
adaptation. Climate change adaptation funds currently stand at $10 billion,
while the United Nations Environment Programme estimates the need at 200 times
this amount". Piketty recalled the fact that the media always present the
United States and China as the biggest emitters, responsible for 42% of global
CO2 emissions, with Europe far behind at only 10%."But if you factor in
the emissions of products consumed, Europe's CO2 emissions are closer to those
of the US and China," the economist insisted. Under this calculation, the
EU emits 16% of the global total, compared to 21% for both China and the United
States.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg777rRqbAtwmm_N321bBnC4tz-DjGmQHf-r1cH97Wu6fCvUrqke783_sDf4DM9aZpzFQ7u8BvO_NpUuIGAr7E6I7AvJbBg_Jyfkj035NJX1eTIijl0yHvApEW9HQj13KDbKIZ0By4Fx4k/s1600/climate_change_encyclopaedia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg777rRqbAtwmm_N321bBnC4tz-DjGmQHf-r1cH97Wu6fCvUrqke783_sDf4DM9aZpzFQ7u8BvO_NpUuIGAr7E6I7AvJbBg_Jyfkj035NJX1eTIijl0yHvApEW9HQj13KDbKIZ0By4Fx4k/s320/climate_change_encyclopaedia.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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I find no better way to close this note with some words
written by Naomi Klein, in her emblematic book “This changes everything”. “<a href="http://www.theguardian.com/environment/climate-change"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none; text-underline: none;">Climate
change</span></a> has never received the crisis treatment from our leaders,
despite the fact that it carries the risk of destroying lives on a vastly
greater scale than collapsed banks or collapsed buildings. The cuts to our
greenhouse gas emissions that scientists tell us are necessary in order to
greatly reduce the risk of catastrophe are treated as nothing more than gentle
suggestions, actions that can be put off pretty much indefinitely. Clearly,
what gets declared a crisis is an expression of power and priorities as much as
hard facts. But we need not be spectators in all this: politicians aren’t the
only ones with the power to declare a crisis. Mass movements of regular people
can declare one too…I am convinced that climate change represents a historic
opportunity on an even greater scale. As part of the project of getting our
emissions down to the levels many scientists recommend, we once again have the
chance to advance policies that dramatically improve lives, close the gap between
rich and poor, create huge numbers of good jobs, and reinvigorate democracy
from the ground up. But before any of these changes can happen – before we can
believe that climate change can change us – we first have to stop looking away”<o:p></o:p></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-79567129724178401132015-11-08T08:44:00.000-08:002015-11-08T08:44:24.792-08:00Facebook boosts Artificial Intelligence, New York Times goes virtual and Dumpsites are more risky than malaria!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Two recent headlines made me hopeful and desperate too. <o:p></o:p></div>
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First, Facebook just <a href="http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2015/11/05/yann_lecun_director_of_facebook_s_artificial_intelligence_research_group.html">announced</a> that it’s moving fast towards
incorporating more advanced Artificial Intelligence (see this for <a href="https://code.facebook.com/posts/1478523512478471/teaching-machines-to-see-and-understand-advances-in-ai-research/">a great summary of what is planned</a>) to its core business. Facebook
chief technology officer Mike Schroepfer announced a slew of new FAIR research Tuesday,
including a system that can analyze photos, determine what they depict, and
offer a verbal description—a feature that is particularly valuable for blind
people. What an amazing perspective this will be! <o:p></o:p></div>
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Second, The New York Times has taken <a href="http://www.scmp.com/news/world/article/1876775/new-york-times-turns-virtual-reality-new-form-storytelling">its first step intovirtual reality</a>, launching a new app and distributing a Google cardboard viewer
that offers “a new form of storytelling”. Subscribers can download the mobile
app and use it alone, or enhance the experience by using headphones and the
special virtual-reality viewer, which “simulates richly immersive scenes” and
offers a 360-degree view.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Well, the third industrial revolution goes on much faster
than we think. But still, our planet has many faces and the third industrial
revolution will change almost all of them. The beautiful and hopeful face: we
are capable to identify the quantity and quality of water in March, in a
distance which ranges between 35<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>-100
million km, depending on the orbits of the two planets. The ugly and desperate
face: roughly 700 million people (1 to 10) lack access to safe water. <o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
Have an idea of what's coming in recycling and waste management with this video, from <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/TheGlobalwaste/videos">my Youtube Chanel </a><br />
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<iframe width="320" height="266" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/viDtQTnUD0I/0.jpg" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/viDtQTnUD0I?feature=player_embedded" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
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On the bright side, the third industrial revolution creates
new, unimaginable opportunities for making sustainability a cornerstone of each
and every industrial sector. Drones, smart sensors, robots, 3D printers and
driverless cars will gradually become mainstream, although with different
rates. Genetic engineering, industrial biology and emerging biotechnologies
will soon create an enormous footprint in our world. The science of materials
is promising a plethora of new “fit for purpose” composite materials. Mobile
phones, big data systems and digital - social networks have already transformed
our daily lives. The circular economy concept is an effort to redefine recycling
and waste management during the third industrial revolution. The dialectics are
clear: circular economy will never be possible without the technological advances
of the third industrial revolution and the third industrial revolution is
really driven by the resource challenge. But, as the recent <a href="http://www.iswa.org/iswa/iswa-groups/task-forces/task-force-details/tf/show_detail/task-force-on-resource-management/">ISWA’s Task Forceon Resources reports</a> highlighted, we have a long distance to travel until we
will have clean cycles of selected materials. <o:p></o:p></div>
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On the dark side of the moon, as the recent “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><a href="http://www.iswa.org/nc/home/news/news-detail/browse/1/article/press-release-global-waste-management-outlook-gwmo/109/">Global Waste Management Outlook</a></i>” (GWMO)
report revealed roughly 2-3 billion people lack the most elementary waste
services. The recent ISWA’s “<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><a href="http://mavropoulos.blogspot.gr/2015/09/wasted-health-dumpsites-are-global.html">Wasted Health: The tragic case of dumpsites</a></i>” report mentions that
the health impacts of dumpsites are worst than malaria in India, Indonesia and
Philippines.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Of course, many developing
countries have made good progress on collection coverage and controlled
disposal since 1990 and some of them have developed good recycling rates. But
still, the major problem remains. Due to the rapid urbanization wave (estimated
to 250-300,000 people per day) and the gradual increase of the income per
capita in the developing world, the waste generation rate runs much faster that
our capacity to deliver solutions. A 2010 UNICEF study (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><a href="http://www.unicef.org/eapro/JMP-2010Final.pdf">Progress on Sanitation & Drinking Water: 2010 Update</a></i>) shows
that urbanization is running at least 30% faster than sanitation delivered and
I bet that the gap is really wider for waste management services.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><br /></span>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhfqWvkG-ORVMoFKw9y7ya1V7p-zzqrl6Lb8cPKncYmeUerRqWuUZVptLTBWKnmO2LEpnsi-y3m-76DGMrbOjgBKp8BAYKfJcq7B4qrHEf4tAXM0T7q92YKyeZxMwtBi8xzGUt88DhdTQ/s1600/disruption.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="319" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhfqWvkG-ORVMoFKw9y7ya1V7p-zzqrl6Lb8cPKncYmeUerRqWuUZVptLTBWKnmO2LEpnsi-y3m-76DGMrbOjgBKp8BAYKfJcq7B4qrHEf4tAXM0T7q92YKyeZxMwtBi8xzGUt88DhdTQ/s320/disruption.png" width="320" /></a></div>
The reality is that, even now, there are parts of our
world that have not been so much affected by the second industrial revolution.
So no one expects that the third industrial revolution would soon transform the
whole planet. But there are two particularities. The first is the pace of
change. The current industrial revolution is based on technologies that follow
exponential rather than linear paths of development – practically it means that
the change that is coming will be too big and too fast. The second is that with
the current shift of power (from global “north” to global “south”) and the
continuously growing global interconnectivity, the current industrial
revolution will affect mostly the developing world (roughly 40% of the planet’s
population). This means that the poorer part of the world will benefit much
more than the richer one, for the first time in the history of industrial
revolutions.</div>
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In this fast changing landscape, where disruption of
traditional industries will very soon be the rule and not the exception, the
recycling and waste management industry seems unprepared for radical changes. Speaking frankly, what is needed is not a good, even if complicated and expensive, adaptation plan. </div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
What is coming is a whole new redefinition of what is called waste and how it will
be managed. And the ones that will not get it, sooner or later, will be wiped out from the third industrial revolution.<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com136tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-44950096084802934782015-10-29T03:38:00.000-07:002015-10-29T03:38:30.395-07:00OnePlus, Nintendo smartphone and Microsoft Lumia 950 : why the term waste is already redefined!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<iframe width="320" height="266" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/cHlJBBMcHrs/0.jpg" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/cHlJBBMcHrs?feature=player_embedded" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Just have
a look at the speed with which new, unbelievable powerful mobile phones are
arriving. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">1. Chinese
company OnePlus <a href="http://indiatoday.intoday.in/technology/story/oneplus-x-is-coming-your-way-on-oct-29-heres-everything-we-know-about-it/1/508236.html"><span style="color: #420178;">is hosting a launch event</span></a> on October 29 in
India (and other countries) where it will - in all probability- take the wraps
off its new affordable Mini device, touted as the OnePlus X. The OnePlus X
is expected to be a Mini variant of the OnePlus 2, and will therefore carry a
lower price tag in comparison. There have been numerous rumours around this
aspect of the OnePlus X.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">2. Microsoft
is all <a href="http://www.ibnlive.com/news/tech/exclusive-microsoft-to-launch-lumia-950-in-india-at-rs-38000-lumia-950-xl-at-rs-43000-1157070.html"><span style="color: #420178;">set to launch</span></a> its recently announced Lumia 950
and Lumia 950 XL Windows 10 smartphones in India in the month of November. The
company is planning to bring the Lumia 950 smartphone to India at a price of Rs
38,000, while the Lumia 950 XL will be carrying a price tag of Rs 43,000,
approximately. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-pagination: none; text-align: justify; text-autospace: none; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">3. Nintendo <a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/gaming/what-to-play/miitomo-nintendo-smartphone-game/"><span style="color: #420178;">announced</span></a> the first smartphone -
game, developed in partnership with mobile service company DeNA ,
will be an app called Miitomo, which will allow users to create Mii characters
and exchange facts about themselves with other players. Of course, it requires
advanced mobile phones and fast processing units.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">Well, if they continue like this, very soon our 2 years old mobile
phones will become... waste! And I am sure that this will be the case, as
the speed of the third industrial revolution is
getting higher and the pace of change in certain industrial sectors,
IT and mobile phones are certainly two of them, will get faster and
faster. </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;">This is why I insist that we have to be ready for a more radical transformation: the term waste, very soon, will be completely redefined as a result of the third industrial revolution - this video at the beginning of the post, from a recent key-note I delivered in Buenos Aires, explains why. </span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-91930248384340929942015-10-23T09:02:00.000-07:002015-10-23T09:02:16.532-07:00Hurricane Patricia and Future Trend #6: Climate Change<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #222222; letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;">Hurricane Patricia headed toward southwestern Mexico yesterday, as a monster Category 5 storm, the strongest ever in the Western Hemisphere that forecasters said could make a "potentially catastrophic landfall" later in the day, according the latest <a href="http://www.startribune.com/mexico-s-pacific-coast-braces-for-monster-hurricane-patricia/336139371/">reports</a>. </span><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 1.4;">The hurricane is expected to bring accumulated rains ranging from 6 to 12 inches which could easily produce "life-threatening flash floods, mud slides (especially in areas of mountainous terrain), and high winds up to 130 m.p.h.," <a href="http://abcnews.go.com/International/potentially-catastrophic-hurricane-patricia/story?id=34676963">NOAA warns</a>.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="color: #333333; line-height: 1.4;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://secularpolicyinstitute.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Climate-Change-3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="223" src="https://secularpolicyinstitute.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Climate-Change-3.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;">W</span><span style="font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;">ell, this hurricane is one more extreme wether phenomenon and there are a lot of great research papers for the </span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;">relation between climate change and extreme weather phenomena (</span></span><a href="http://www.easac.eu/fileadmin/PDF_s/reports_statements/Extreme_Weather/Extreme_Weather_full_version_EASAC-EWWG_final_low_resolution_Oct_2013f.pdf" style="font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;">this is one I like a lot</a><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;"> by the Norwegian Meteorological Institute). And as much as we are preparing our cities to adapt themselves in the new emerging climate patterns, as much we </span></span><span style="font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;">should</span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;">realise</span><span style="font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;"> that waste management and recycling patterns will be </span><span style="font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;">certainly</span><span style="font-family: inherit; letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;"> affected a lot by the climate change policies and science. </span></div>
<div itemprop="articleBody" style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0px; text-align: left; vertical-align: baseline;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;">Obviously, a first </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;">influence</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;"> regards the financial resources: </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;">already</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;"> there are a lot of funds available for waste management activities related to </span></span><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 20px;">GHGs</span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;"> reduction (have a look a<a href="http://www.climatefundsupdate.org/themes/mitigation">t Climate Funds Update </a>for more).</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;">Another, also </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;">obvious</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;"> trend regards the global cooperation required for fighting climate change - it seems that we are on the way for a new </span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;">agreement</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;"> in P</span><span style="letter-spacing: -0.30000001192092896px; line-height: 21px;">aris. </span><span style="line-height: 20px;">Countries have agreed that they would adopt a new climate agreement in 2015 at the</span><span style="line-height: 20px;"> </span><a href="http://www.cop21.gouv.fr/en" style="box-sizing: border-box; line-height: 20px; text-decoration: none;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; text-decoration: underline;">Paris Climate Conference this December</span></a><span style="line-height: 20px;">. </span></span><span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 20px;">The Paris 2015 Conference needs to result in the adoption of an international agreement, setting the framework for a transition towards resilient, low-carbon societies and economies. The Conference has the potential to mark a decisive step forward in the negotiation of the future international agreement that will enter into force in 2020, with the aim that all countries, including the greatest greenhouse gas emitters – both developed and developing countries – should be bound for the first time by a universal climate agreement. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 20px;">In case this global agreement is achieved, then there will be a lot of new instruments to motivate</span><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 20px;"> GHGs </span><span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 20px;">reduction and certainly waste management sector will benefit of them. As an idea of the actual expectations and intentions of the recycling and waste management industry, the recent ISWA's <a href="http://www.iswa.org/fileadmin/galleries/News/Declaration_on_Climate_Change_and_Waste_and_Resource_Management.pdf">Declaration on Climate Change and Waste Management</a> provides a brief but thoughtful overview. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 20px;">But there are further, not so obvious impacts. </span></div>
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<span style="line-height: 20px;">Globalisation</span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 20px;"> of environmental impacts: GHGs and marine litter are the most obvious ways to highlight that local SWM has a global environmental footprint. Under the current conditions and the global political agenda about Climate Change, the link between SWM and GHGs is the most important tool to create a universal understanding for how our local decisions in SWM contribute to global phenomena.</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br style="line-height: 20px;" /><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 20px;">GHGs and the sense of time: human beings tend to underestimate or even ignore the importance of events that are out of their natural time scale. GHGs impacts are also a very good example in order to prove how previous and current SWM practices create Long Term results which substantially deteriorate the life of future generations.</span></span></div>
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<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 20px;">GHGs and developing countries: I think that the global agenda for GHGs provides a unique opportunity to rethink the way international aid or </span></span><span style="line-height: 20px;">Official</span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 20px;"> Development Assistance (ODA) is distributed - there are many problematic situations at this field and the most important ones are two. A. the overall </span></span><span style="line-height: 20px;">amount</span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 20px;"> of ODA related to waste management is </span></span><span style="line-height: 20px;">ridiculously</span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 20px;"> small (less than 0.3% of the overall ODA) and, B. the poorest countries receive much less support than the developing to developed ones. This has been proven by a report that was made within the </span></span><span style="line-height: 20px;">framework of the "Globalisation and waste management" project that was implemented by ISWA - for more check "<a href="http://www.iswa.org/fileadmin/galleries/Task_Forces/TFGWM_Report_Review_International_DCSWM.pdf">A review of international development cooperation in Solid Waste Management</a>". If we are going to fight seriously the Climate Change, if we are going to prepare substantial adaptation and mitigation plans, then certainly we need to change completely the way ODA is managed. </span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 20px;">And last but not least is the challenge of adaptation, which is certainly underestimated when we speak about waste management. I have written <a href="http://mavropoulos.blogspot.bg/2011/10/urban-waste-management-and-climate.html">again</a> about it, but unfortunately nothing has changed. I</span><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 20px;">t seems that the most vulnerable waste management systems are the ones that happened to be in growing and transition megacities, where informal sector plays a certain role in waste management and infrastructure either is not in place or it is not adequate. In those urban areas, the environmental and health risks from a potential disaster related to waste management are really high and under certain conditions they might be proven more than local ones. Take into account that dumpsites, which are the dominant practice in those cases, are usually located at low levels and excavated with no plan and hydraulic protection and you will understand that this is a serious problem.</span><span style="background-color: white; line-height: 20px;"> </span></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-25990353881059150302015-10-15T12:14:00.000-07:002015-10-15T12:14:09.770-07:00The Internet of Things and the future of Recycling: think, prepare, react<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
This is a short video I prepared to trigger the discussion abut the Internet of Things and the future of recycling - it is also a short introduction of my new seminar on the 3rd industrial revolution and the future of waste management - well, the future is here and we better prepare ourselves for the huge changes that will take place within next 10-15 years.<br />
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<iframe width="320" height="266" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/viDtQTnUD0I/0.jpg" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/viDtQTnUD0I?feature=player_embedded" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe></div>
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I do not know how fast it will come, we have to discuss not only technical but social innovation too, we need to manage the substantial social impacts, but in any case the waste management industry has to make a substantial shift to IT solutions in order to prepare itself for the tsunami of interconnectivity. And what we can imagine now, is really minimal or even negligible comparing to what is really coming (more on the pace of change very soon).<br />
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As for the local authorities, as I discussed recently at <a href="http://www.laracconference.org.uk/">LARAC 2015</a> (great conference, great atmosphere and very important views) they have to start the utilisation of the emerging interconnectivity, they have to work more on local mobile apps, they have to create virtual and physical human networks and to follow specific material cycles, on a local level and you know some? I believe that they can achieve much better results with substantial lower costs - we can't afford to miss the wave of interconnectivity!<br />
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Stay tuned, much more is coming<br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-38783670115296479272015-10-12T21:31:00.001-07:002015-10-12T21:31:04.547-07:00Biggest tech deal ever, Microsoft Surface and the global challenges of waste management<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Few days before the<a href="http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2015/10/12/dell-buy-emc-largest-tech-deal-ever/73727530/"> largest tech deal ever was announced</a>, the one between DELL and EMC, I was asked to participate at a radio show at <a href="http://www.latalkradio.com/">LA Talk radio</a> a growing internet radio that is irreverent, cool and entertaining also. The show held on October 2 and it was about the global challenges related to waste management and the possibilities for a zero waste society.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhELbMLqw2dM1Hqkb2qutw9Yi8iNP7OuTBW69rA1I_ORbsWF_1bS7qN3kMdBjlI0kJmJTnQfwBbLRd5Y2vsT-XijpamRcqZnW5MI4h3QqgTXT3CCsFmiF1wVRH9dmPtikHhSGrFqBKib-A/s1600/snetoday.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhELbMLqw2dM1Hqkb2qutw9Yi8iNP7OuTBW69rA1I_ORbsWF_1bS7qN3kMdBjlI0kJmJTnQfwBbLRd5Y2vsT-XijpamRcqZnW5MI4h3QqgTXT3CCsFmiF1wVRH9dmPtikHhSGrFqBKib-A/s1600/snetoday.jpg" /></a></div>
My host was Diana Dehm, a curious social entrepreneur with a big vision and passion for connecting people from around the world to create our sustainable planet in the most non-traditional ways. She holds the <a href="http://www.latalkradio.com/snetoday.php">Sustainability News & Entertainment Radio</a> and you can find all her radio shows plus many other interesting materials at <a href="http://sustainabilitynewsandentertainment.com/">her website</a>. Interestingly, she rubs the very successful project <a href="http://www.trashonyourback.com/">Trash your Back</a>, a fun, high visibility 5-day campaign driving awareness and education on our own personal trash impact.<br />
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You can find the whole radio show <a href="http://www.latalkradio.com/Players/snetoday.shtml?date=October+2,+2015&file=100215">here</a> - I hope you will enjoy it<br />
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I found it really challenging to have such a discussion on waste management at the same days someone commented that "...according to the engineers, a full-scale quantum processor
would have major applications in the finance, security, and healthcare sectors,
allowing the identification and development of new medicines by greatly accelerating
the computer-aided design of pharmaceutical compounds; the development of new,
lighter and stronger materials spanning consumer electronics to aircraft; and
faster information searching through large databases".<br />
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As I am writing those lines, the first review of Microsoft Surface first look - review <a href="http://www.foxnews.com/tech/2015/10/12/first-look-review-microsoft-surface-book-is-both-giant-tablet-and-lap-friendly-laptop.html">has been already published</a>, to my understanding this will be another step towards the new modular design of laptops.<br />
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And I am thinking, how far is the waste management sector from the third industrial revolution that happens right here, right now? How we can move inside this revolution and utilise it? Well, this is my understanding: either the waste management industry will be tuned to the pace of change of the third industrial revolution or it will be gradually undermined by the waves of social and techno innovation that are coming.<br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-47953079587476323592015-10-05T05:22:00.000-07:002015-10-05T05:22:03.257-07:00Future Trend #5: Marine litter science is the equivalent of Mars exploration for the recycling & waste management industry<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Many people were surprised by the recent <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/sep/28/nasa-scientists-find-evidence-flowing-water-mars">NASA announcement</a> that evidence was found for summertime water flows on Mars. Well, this is something that could change completely our perception regarding other planets. “Mars is not the dry, arid
planet that we thought of in the past,” said Nasa’s Jim Green. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiz08xr_3x-qngYBRf2uPitgq5kGqtzlCbmjrzt_3inWT3fF7hQNk6L_-f7BrvYX1AatdkDH5BP9pH-Poythd0vVYs_2nMJJ_HmmPGVriiwrDLo4GEbzoSQej7z3FkAhlaUc5xLczFoeM8/s1600/Chris+Jordan+AlbaComp.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiz08xr_3x-qngYBRf2uPitgq5kGqtzlCbmjrzt_3inWT3fF7hQNk6L_-f7BrvYX1AatdkDH5BP9pH-Poythd0vVYs_2nMJJ_HmmPGVriiwrDLo4GEbzoSQej7z3FkAhlaUc5xLczFoeM8/s320/Chris+Jordan+AlbaComp.jpg" width="320" /></a>I believe that marine litter science is a similar case - the findings that are already here and much more the ones that will come will change our perception for the plastics and they will create innovation waves that will reshape recycling and waste management. Well, maybe not so drastically as billionaire Elon Musk has
spelled out that <a href="https://www.rt.com/news/317591-musk-plans-nuke-mars/">he wants to change Mars</a> (he plans to create temporary suns over Mars in order to heat
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Marine litter will be a
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shocking. According the recent study "<a href="http://www.pnas.org/content/112/38/11899">Threat of plastic pollution toseabirds is global, pervasive, and increasing</a>", 80 of 135 (59%) species with studies
reported in the literature between 1962 and 2012 had ingested plastic, and,
within those studies, on average 29% of individuals had plastic in their gut. Currently,
the annual losses of sea birds, turtles and fishes related to the plastic
pollution are estimated to be more than 1.5 million deaths per year and according to Laurence Maurice from the French Institute of Research for Development, <a href="http://www.bubblews.com/posts/plastic-waste-kills-1-5-million-animals-per-year">the problem is likely to worsen</a>.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
<!--EndFragment--><div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
Just imagine that we are
speaking for concentrations that reach 580,000 pieces per km2 and the plastic production
is increasing exponentially. So it is not a surprise at all, when it is
forecasted that the increasing plastics ingestion in seabirds will reach 99% of
all species by 2050!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
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<br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6gKfRkGRKgRqEm3RerCrXXxYhJZbNuJwhVZeoY7deTK-pyTaAl3gt43b7c5xbIRvcptozsGufoMiYJ_DxTGVADn15qHiJuaOuzjIDaLl89_cFG4j84wPz9ZHP6FQQSLsh4svdPVdnUfM/s1600/global-Manila-UNEP-HS.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="226" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6gKfRkGRKgRqEm3RerCrXXxYhJZbNuJwhVZeoY7deTK-pyTaAl3gt43b7c5xbIRvcptozsGufoMiYJ_DxTGVADn15qHiJuaOuzjIDaLl89_cFG4j84wPz9ZHP6FQQSLsh4svdPVdnUfM/s320/global-Manila-UNEP-HS.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<o:p></o:p><br />
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
Together with climate change,
marine litter and ocean garbage gyres prove that no matter if we understand it
or no, local waste management practices create global impacts and that there is
a need for global coordination in order to manage such global impacts. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
Marine litter is also a
certain signal for the limits of our societies, the technological, social and
ecological ones. Marine litter is straight forward associated with ecosystem’s
damages by plastic pollution and demonstrates the tangible and measurable
impacts of our collective inertia to face the global waste management
challenge. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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I have gone through two recent
research papers that demonstrate the long-term impacts related to plastic
pollution and marine litter. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
The first one (<a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014EF000240/full?refreshCitedByCounter=true">Global warming releasesmicroplastic legacy frozen in Arctic Sea ice</a>) indicates that
microplastics have accumulated far from population centers and that polar sea
ice represents a major historic global sink of man-made particulates. The study
suggests “the potential for substantial quantities of legacy microplastic
contamination to be released to the ocean as the ice melts therefore needs to
be evaluated, as do the physical and toxicological effects of plastics on
marine life”.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
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In the second one (<a href="http://www.geosociety.org/gsatoday/archive/24/6/article/i1052-5173-24-6-4.htm">An anthropogenic markerhorizon in the future rock record</a>), researchers from Hawai have reported “…the
appearance of a new “stone” formed through inter- mingling of melted plastic,
beach sediment, basaltic lava fragments, and organic debris from Kamilo Beach
on the island of Hawaii. The material, herein referred to as “plastiglomerate,”
is divided into in situ and clastic types that were distributed over all areas
of the beach. Agglutination of natural sediments to melted plastic during
campfire burning has increased the overall density of plastiglomerate, which
inhibits transport by wind or water, thereby increasing the potential for
burial and subsequent preservation. Our results indicate that this
anthropogenically-influenced material has great potential to form a marker
horizon of human pollution, signaling the occurrence of the informal
Anthropocene epoch.”</div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO3aJg1G2yGigp4wLdyEFVxbRjNwTC7boTVsYRRXJ_6PsO6H0f2SUbx6zqdnYcy6cUgwPdTIJAwpppS4YX2qAxtToT4t-cjMoNn_BxAf46Athbrs-KY1Mq1BZFwVswi1q3lYjjVxItkTQ/s1600/Marine-Debris-300x200.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO3aJg1G2yGigp4wLdyEFVxbRjNwTC7boTVsYRRXJ_6PsO6H0f2SUbx6zqdnYcy6cUgwPdTIJAwpppS4YX2qAxtToT4t-cjMoNn_BxAf46Athbrs-KY1Mq1BZFwVswi1q3lYjjVxItkTQ/s1600/Marine-Debris-300x200.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
Well, obviously the case of
marine litter represents a huge global and local challenge for the
international stakeholders, the governments and the industry. The solutions
required have just started to be discussed publicly and some pilots have
started to be tested. For sure, the solutions required will need changes in the
whole life cycle of plastic products and not just in the way they are managed
when they are considered as “waste”. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
But let’s focus on the other
side of the moon. The case of marine litter highlights some new opportunities,
as much as it reveals global long-term threats. I am not hoping for a megatsunami, like <a href="http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2015/1004/Scientists-discover-huge-tsunami-73-000-years-ago.-Could-it-happen-again">the one that 73,000 years ago was created</a> by a large flank from the volcanic island Fogo in the Cape
Verde islands, off the coast of Africa, that fell into the ocean and triggered a
tsunami that moved mountains.</div>
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Let’s start with the obvious.
Marine litter impacts (much more than climate change) are relatively easily
understood and visualized, so I bet that there will be many communication
campaigns, especially the ones related to plastic recycling, that will use the
case of marine litter as a powerful communication “bridge” too, for broad
audiences.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So, yes, what I mean is that
marine litter opens the opportunity to influence much broader audiences and
create global awareness about the waste management and the recycling challenge.
<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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The huge impacts of plastic
pollution, which have just started to be understood through the case of marine
litter, create the dynamics to discuss about the necessity to reduce plastics
from the waste streams and to identify appropriate final treatment techniques
when they can’t be recycled, for one or another reason.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Even better, we have to use the case of
marine litter to promote the discussion for a plastic waste – free society,
where many products should be redesigned in order to reduce or eliminate
plastics and substitute them with more ecologically friendly materials.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">Obviously, the big challenge is to create an appropriate systemic integration </span>between supply chains - consumption and post consumption management of plastics and the emerging Internet of Everything with the possibility to develop digital passports is certainly a hope. </div>
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<br /></div>
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I do hope that we will also
have a lot of technical innovation related to the management of post-consumer
plastics – some new patents have already attracted my attention like production
of ethanol from single stream plastic recycling or preparation of high
calorific value fuel from end of life plastics. But this is just the beginning,
because the global magnitude of the problem has attracted the attention of the
big donors that are pulling gradually a lot of money to the relevant research.
Many local social innovation programs have also started and if they become
mainstream, sooner or later the problem will become much more manageable than
it is today. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
Thus, I am waiting a lot of
innovation in several sectors, like:<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
Plastic recycling<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
End of pipe solutions<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
Material innovation and
substitutes<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
Manufacturing innovation<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
Design Innovation<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="tab-stops: list 36.0pt;">
Will this wave of innovation
be enough to resolve the problem of marine litter? No one knows, but it is
worthy to try…<o:p></o:p></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-42799435644006669912015-09-16T04:04:00.000-07:002015-09-16T04:08:23.049-07:00Back to the #future# - 10 trends for the future of recycling and waste management (continued)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">As most of my readers already know, my passion is to bring recycling and waste management at the forefront of the global agenda - I want to make it as trendy as it is to speak about <a href="http://nyfw.com/">New York Fashion Week</a> (although sometimes this is really <a href="http://movies.ndtv.com/music/kanye-west-bans-models-for-his-show-from-talking-about-him-and-kim-1218208">ridiculous</a>) with designers like Vera Wang, Coach, Oscar de la Renta, Rodarte and Tory Barch. I believe the key to such an effort is the content.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">So, I made a short but necessary break to write about my report "<a href="http://mavropoulos.blogspot.gr/2015/09/wasted-health-dumpsites-are-global.html">Wasted Health: the tragic case of dumpsites</a>" and now I am back to complete the list of the trends that will reshape waste management and recycling.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br />
Well, up to now I have described 4 trends (out of the ten) that will reshape the future of recycling and waste management - namely</span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
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</h3>
<h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; position: relative;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><a href="http://mavropoulos.blogspot.gr/2015/08/10-trends-that-will-reshape-waste.html">10 trends that will reshape waste management - Trend #1: Internet of Things</a></span></h3>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span>
<h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; position: relative;">
<a href="http://mavropoulos.blogspot.gr/2015/08/technology-of-future-trend-2-new.html"><span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;">Technology of the future - Trend #2: New materials - new waste - new recycling technologies</span></a></h3>
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<h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; position: relative;">
<br /></h3>
<h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name" style="font-weight: normal; margin: 0px; position: relative;">
<span style="font-family: inherit; font-size: small;"><a href="http://mavropoulos.blogspot.gr/2015/08/back-to-school-trend-3-swm-industry.html">Back to school: Trend #3: SWM industry should study thoroughly E-waste management</a></span></h3>
<div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<a href="http://mavropoulos.blogspot.gr/2015/08/trend-4-market-volatility-and-emerging.html"><span style="font-family: inherit;">China's stock market crisis and recycling Trend #4: Market volatility and emerging business models</span></a></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Get prepared - the following video highlights what's coming to my next blogs and also what has been already addressed - it also gives an idea of the content of my upcoming paper and presentation on the future of waste management and recycling.</span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="YOUTUBE-iframe-video" data-thumbnail-src="https://i.ytimg.com/vi/uUckkkXByL8/0.jpg" frameborder="0" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/uUckkkXByL8?feature=player_embedded" width="320"></iframe></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br /></span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Coming soon: Trend #5: Marine litter</span></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-16159138353261998002015-09-10T03:39:00.001-07:002015-09-11T03:05:14.172-07:00Wasted Health: dumpsites are global health emergency<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
At the same time the world makes huge steps to use mobile phones for health protection (as it the recent case where <span style="font-family: inherit;">m<span style="line-height: 16px;">obile phone records can be used to predict the geographical spread and timing of Dengue epidemics - See more </span></span><a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/health/mobile-phone-records-can-predict-dengue-outbreak/#sthash.cgStU2Iz.dpuf" style="font-family: inherit; line-height: 16px;">here</a><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 16px;">), important elementary problems that concern billions are still ignored. And of course we are all happy that the declaration for <a href="http://www.kbc.co.ke/africa-to-be-declared-ebola-free-by-end-of-2015/">an Embola free Africa</a> by the end of 2015, but looking closer it seems that the roots for pandemics are still growing in many cases in Africa, as its </span></span><span style="line-height: 16px;">dumpsites</span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 16px;"> are getting bigger and more widespread. </span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="line-height: 16px;">Well, yesterday </span></span>ISWA launched my recent report on the tremendous health problems that are generated from dumpsites - you can find and download the full report <a href="https://www.iswa.org/fileadmin/galleries/Task_Forces/THE_TRAGIC_CASE_OF_DUMPSITES.pdf">here</a> and the press release <a href="http://www.iswa.org/fileadmin/galleries/2012_06_Angola/Dumpsites_PRL_WC2915_English.pdf">here</a>.</div>
The video below describes briefly the report's highlights and captures its spirit.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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First of all, the main outcome of the report is that dumpsites have become a global health emergency and not just an important environmental issue - its impacts influence the lives of billions of people, directly and indirectly. Some more comments:<br />
<br />
1. The health consequences from dumpsites are not as dramatic than we all thought - they are much more worse and they are getting worse day by day just because the waste that is brought to dumpsites is increasing continuously, especially in the developing world, due to urbanisation, increase of the GDP/cap and the rise of the new middle class with its own intensive consumption patterns.<br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi185phQ-uVJtbyv7ypTTVI5Kyg3Dd4mRwSQA1emsPxmzwmItq2rDdzkQSCm2BDdTpQwzyJqZjcAnnS2YgHBkZP1rH6Vzuj1sitUvsxc_nqXaaUgbGt4MSxMGBU4vdh316RkJKG-jOpoNY/s1600/Wasted-Health-Antonis-Mavropoulos.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img alt="Wasted Health: the tragic case of dumpsites" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi185phQ-uVJtbyv7ypTTVI5Kyg3Dd4mRwSQA1emsPxmzwmItq2rDdzkQSCm2BDdTpQwzyJqZjcAnnS2YgHBkZP1rH6Vzuj1sitUvsxc_nqXaaUgbGt4MSxMGBU4vdh316RkJKG-jOpoNY/s1600/Wasted-Health-Antonis-Mavropoulos.png" title="Wasted Health: the tragic case of dumpsites" /></a></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4Tqy3GMXQqWBYpoeEWv4NmOmg3VIa3NXETUrQ0VvmC8NntnI_7YmGR-7bD6t5ZR0aLFczX8gDPvOEWzD6pYO5U_1r0ZQa0u3qUp0C6zgPRRaxf8Jx4uy6HdtKjPtTBQ0JWfn-QLMwTL0/s1600/Screen+Shot+2015-09-04+at+08.27.03.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"></a>2. There are countries like Indonesia, Philippines and India where scientific evidence shows that the health impacts posed by dumpsites are higher than the ones posed by malaria! This is an unbelievable development, which shows that underestimating the waste management challenges creates a new health landscape dominated by dumpsites.<br />
<br />
3. The rising e-waste stream is not yet fully studied and understood in terms of its health and environmental impacts - however all the available studies demonstrate new and very high health risks - in the report you can find a lot of references from China and SE Asia that document the impacts posed by dumping e-waste.<br />
<br />
4. Using some elementary calculations, it seems that the annual cost of the health impacts posed by dumpsites are in the order of billions or decades of billions per year - using 50% of this amount of money for helping developing countries resolve their waste management problems will have positive economic, environmental and health impacts on the long-term and save many thousands lives immediately.<br />
<br />
There is an urgent need for action by the international community - as a good friend told me recently, our message for decision makers must be as simple as this "you can't say that you don't know".<br />
<br />
Special thanks to David Newman, ISWA's president, for his contribution. Many thanks to Niki Mavropoulos (Waste Atlas manager) for her extensive research and acknowledgements to my colleagues Costas Velis (prof. The University of Leeds), Vivek Agraval (Chair of ISWA's Working Group on Collection) and Nikos Rigas (D-Waste graphic's designer) for their ideas and practical help. </div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-82572069491863593942015-08-25T23:53:00.000-07:002015-08-25T23:55:00.240-07:00China's stock market crisis and recycling Trend #4: Market volatility and emerging business models<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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I have to thank you for the enthusiastic emails I received for the previous 3 blogs on future trends for recycling and waste management - however, it will be very useful of some of you would publish their views as comments, rather sending them directly to me - in any case it is obvious that we need a lot of discussion about it, so all the comments are more than welcomed and useful. Back to work now.<br />
<br />
What is China's interest rate?<br />
Will China lower interest rates?<br />
What interest rate do we pay China?<br />
Why is China cutting interest rates?<br />
Why doesn't China want the U.S. to raise interest rates?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
All those questions are <a href="http://www.cnbc.com/2015/08/25/futures-show-muted-nikkei-reaction-to-volatile-us-session.html">on top of each and every business </a>discussion those days. However, China's and India' growth provided the background for the viability of most of the recycling systems worldwide. Will it still be the case? </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Back to school again - we need to study the lessons taken by the recycling markets and reimagine the way forward.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
Let's move to trend #4: Market volatility and the emerging new business models.<br />
<br />
At the same time <a href="http://www.dnaindia.com/scitech/report-fitbit-arrives-in-india-2118561">Fitbit arrives to India</a>, creating the background for wearables recycling programs, there is a growing pressure to the viability of recycling programs due to the following factors.<br />
<a href="http://waste360.com/site-files/waste360.com/files/uploads/2015/02/031815-boulanger-cardboard.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://waste360.com/site-files/waste360.com/files/uploads/2015/02/031815-boulanger-cardboard.jpg" height="237" width="320" /></a><br />
1. The past decade was characterised by the biggest commodity boom in history, fuelled by rapid Chinese and Indian growth. But the market has shifted and structural issues are now being exposed. High material prices are no longer fundamental for the viability of recycling viability of recycling services.<br />
<br />
2. Falling commodity prices at the back end are enabling manufacturers to be more demanding with regard to their inputs. This means that prices are down and at the same time quality demands are going up. The mismatch between these two ends of the recycling supply chain is squeezing everyone in between.<br />
<br />
3. Especially in EU, "this fundamental market shift has shown how exposed operators are to volatile material prices. In the highly competitive environment of the waste service industry, where margins are bid away to very low levels, it doesn’t take much of a fall in prices to erode that safety net and put contracts at risk" as <a href="http://www.letsrecycle.com/news/latest-news/creating-a-sustainable-recycling-industry-for-the-uk/">it was explained by ESA's executive director</a>.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.sbcscot.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/wrapimagefinal.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://www.sbcscot.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/wrapimagefinal.png" height="320" width="298" /></a>Of course the problem is not simply European, it becomes global as there similar signals from <a href="http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/jun/27/recycling-unprofitable-oil-china-dollar">USA recycling market</a> too.<br />
<br />
If you add on top of this, <a href="http://blogs.ft.com/nick-butler/2014/11/30/prepare-for-a-long-term-fall-in-energy-prices/">the long-term trends for energy prices</a>, then there is a clear conclusion: the recycling and waste management industry have to re-invent their cost structures and business models, they have to rethink profitability, risk-sharing and diversification in order to create viable businesses on the long-term.<br />
<br />
At the same time <a href="http://www.correio24horas.com.br/detalhe/noticia/vereadores-do-rio-aprovam-projeto-que-restringe-o-servico-uber/?cHash=37ff0ab71d4af96a0e578b2a4c8ccb20">UBER fights for its business models in Rio de Janeiro</a>, the erosion of the current dominating business models comes from another source too. And this is the
emergence of <a href="http://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/case_studies/icons/3">new business models that stimulate circular economy approaches</a>,
like sharing practices, replacing ownership with service models etc. Those business models are generated from new answers to five simple questions:<br />
<br />
<ul style="box-sizing: border-box; direction: ltr; list-style-position: outside; margin: 0px 0px 1.4em; padding: 0px;">
<li style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; direction: ltr; list-style: none; margin-bottom: 0px !important; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px !important; padding: 0px 0px 0px 14px; position: relative; width: 100% !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; display: block; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 7px; position: relative;"><span style="orphans: 4;">How can we design our products with asset recovery in mind? <br />How can we develop product lines to meet demand without wasting assets? <br />How can we source material in regenerative loops rather than linear flows? <br />How can we develop a revenue model that protects value up and down the chain, and<br />How can we get our customers to cooperate with us?</span></span></li>
</ul>
So, finally the conclusion is simple but crucial. Both recycling market volatility and the emergency of circular business models demonstrate the importance of well-designed and adaptable business
models for the long-term viability of successful waste management and recycling
systems. At the same time, there is a growing emphasis for high value for money
ratios and functional but still low cost solutions especially in the developing
world. It seems that the recycling and waste management industry must reinvent itself - why not?<br />
<o:p></o:p></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-21404623200867729032015-08-24T14:21:00.000-07:002015-08-24T14:29:59.219-07:00Back to school: Trend #3: SWM industry should study thoroughly E-waste management<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Since the kids, in most parts of the </span><span style="font-family: Cambria;">world, are preparing themselves to go <a href="http://www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/Back-to-School-Roundup-Gives-10000-Kids-Reason-to-Smile-322410472.html">back to schools</a>, after weeks or months of vacations, I believe it is the right time for computer and the waste management industries to study their lessons from the current E-waste management status. And I believe that those lessons are elementary for the future of waste management and recycling - so this is Trend #3: E-waste management. And the reason is because E-waste management includes all the dimensions of the future problems: rapid change of materials and products, fast consumption, valuable resource recovery, serious environmental and health impacts, multinational non-state giants, global conventions and a conflict between developed and developing worlds. In brief, the situation goes like this. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Cambria;"><br /></span>
</div>
<span style="font-family: Cambria;">Although China stock market is at the centre of <a href="http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/markets/2015/08/24/stocks-monday/32254435/">recent discussions</a> (e.g. see Dow's free-fall), <a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/04/20/us-environment-waste-idUSKBN0NA00V20150420">China's problems by inappropriate E-waste management</a> might be even more serious than the problems of its stock market. The title CNN used is correct "</span><a href="http://edition.cnn.com/2013/05/30/world/asia/china-electronic-waste-e-waste/">China: The electronic wastebasket of the world</a>".<br />
<br />According the most recent <a href="http://www.step-initiative.org/overview-world.html">statistics</a> by STEP (Solving The E-waste Problem) initiative, in 2014 roughly 42 million tones of E-waste were generated. The global production of E-waste is continuously rising and it will be exponentially increased as developing economies grow and new technologies are developed.<br />
<br />
F<span style="font-family: Cambria;">or
any given country, the total number of computers and other potential E-waste
items is strongly correlated with the country's GDP, because electrical and
electronic items are essential for the functioning of all but the most
primitive economies. But the main problem is not their rising generation but their
inappropriate management and the associated illegal exports - recycling and
dumping practices, mainly at India, SE Asia and China. </span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiX9ddwtTL_ARaka-AfmGpuW8RV5MiFXQIs_lbTlzlmzk8BMzziZIJhTbTivHLSouBqqqKvGM6QI6wNLzKnFiv0jlodxJ2DfvEGMv7vWrs124JZVlyMc2cZW_e3RkaCyyhfB-3nTe1W5eM/s1600/E-Waste-1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiX9ddwtTL_ARaka-AfmGpuW8RV5MiFXQIs_lbTlzlmzk8BMzziZIJhTbTivHLSouBqqqKvGM6QI6wNLzKnFiv0jlodxJ2DfvEGMv7vWrs124JZVlyMc2cZW_e3RkaCyyhfB-3nTe1W5eM/s320/E-Waste-1.jpg" width="320" /></a><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Despite the many international
efforts to resolve the problem, E-waste management is becoming an emblematic
failure of our modern societies as it combines a. rapid and continuous
technological progress in manufacturing and process power b. fast consumption
and rapid change of products or their versions and c. an unprepared waste
management system which finally pushes e-waste to SE Asia for environmentally
harmful management. </div>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt;">Contamination associated with E-waste has already caused
considerable environmental degradation in poor countries and negatively
affected the health of the people who live there. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt;">The rapidly growing
literature and evidence on the serious environmental and health impacts posed
by current management practices in China and India is a certain signal for the
importance of the problem. Thus, E-waste
should be considered as a global health emergency too. For the available scientific evidence you can check the article "</span><a href="http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(13)70101-3/abstract">Health consequences of exposure to e-waste: a systematic review</a>"<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPbAxaw5oHPPeHiLcBk4K2gDYqxShPdnb11M_XNMyx0ouf8J-cPXzLQ6WxqjcUdo2o2ll_NWwdJsN84O-OOrehUBcGKU6l_6fcz7h4CHJxCw0jhnkFPDxbKeRamyNY94QsGyXEtHmtP8Y/s1600/ewaste12.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPbAxaw5oHPPeHiLcBk4K2gDYqxShPdnb11M_XNMyx0ouf8J-cPXzLQ6WxqjcUdo2o2ll_NWwdJsN84O-OOrehUBcGKU6l_6fcz7h4CHJxCw0jhnkFPDxbKeRamyNY94QsGyXEtHmtP8Y/s320/ewaste12.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt;">There is still limited
knowledge on the ecological effects, human health risks and remediation options
for some E-waste contaminants, such as Li and Sb, since they are not normally
environmental pollutants. </span> But this is not hopeful at all, in contrast, there are many reasons to be afraid of our limited knowledge.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
Now, why do I believe that the solutions that will be formulated in E-waste will define future waste management trends? Simply, because E-waste is becoming a so emblematic problem that needs an emblematic solution too. If governments, waste management companies and of course, most of all, the big and powerful gadgets' producers (Apple, Samsung, Google etc.) are going to create viable recycling and resource recovery networks for this global problem, then this will be used as a patterns for other, similar, universal waste streams. If this will not be the case, then sooner or later, the current disastrous management of E-waste will destroy the reputation of the companies that produce gadgets. And this will impact, certainly, their products distribution and popularity. And of course, there is no solution without redesign of the main products, the fourth and maybe the most important R in this case, after Reuse, Recycle, Recover</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
Instead of conclusions, I feel that r<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12pt;">ich countries have self-interest in mitigating the negative environmental effects of E-waste because it will negatively affect the quality and quantity of food and manufactured goods that are imported from poor countries.</span> Let's hope they will act on time...</div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-4164294992302764382015-08-20T12:49:00.002-07:002015-08-24T13:31:18.181-07:00Technology of the future - Trend #2: New materials - new waste - new recycling technologies<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=7596263165543280417" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><a href="https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=7596263165543280417" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a>This post deals with the second trend that I believe it will reshape the future of waste management and recycling.</div>
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So Trend #2: New materials - new waste - new recycling technologies and advances required.<br />
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The advances in materials' science will play an important role to recycling and waste management. The future of material's technologies (or the technologies of the future pf materials) will reshape recycling and waste management in an astonishing way. We are living in the beginning
of the third industrial revolution, where a huge improvement in resource
productivity has already started to happen. But resource productivity (boosted by the Internet of Things) is just a part of the whole picture. The advances in materials' science will play an important role to recycling and waste management. The future of material's technologies (or the technologies of the future pf materials) will reshape recycling and waste management in an astonishing way. Just have a look at the miracles created regarding <a href="http://www.nature.com/news/superconductivity-record-sparks-wave-of-follow-up-physics-1.18191">superconductivity materials</a> and you will have a good idea of the world of the new materials arriving. </div>
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Researchers are also talking about the <a href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/slideshow/9-materials-that-will-change-manufacturing/">9 materials that will change the future of manufacturing</a> like <span style="line-height: 22px;"><span style="font-family: inherit;">cutting-edge foams, coatings, metals and other substances to make our homes, vehicles and gadgets more energy efficient and environmentally friendly. </span></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhujPTmY5bVPY5FFTGftSy88GUPsy_fm0XIxcrTRj7CSSspFXCyhLRciyZSvmWThd-Rw9MlGK807-3q0RgleLnMwZK-BLqn7Zusf-C47IKj1iaOaNy_2rf3HggnzBr6CXjPu6QYv4yideY/s1600/nanomaterials.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="195" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhujPTmY5bVPY5FFTGftSy88GUPsy_fm0XIxcrTRj7CSSspFXCyhLRciyZSvmWThd-Rw9MlGK807-3q0RgleLnMwZK-BLqn7Zusf-C47IKj1iaOaNy_2rf3HggnzBr6CXjPu6QYv4yideY/s200/nanomaterials.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
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As in all industrial revolutions, a
tsunami of new products will replace old ones and the term “waste” will be
redefined on both the industrial and the domestic scale. If you want a recent example just see the <a href="http://venturebeat.com/2015/08/18/misfit-and-speedo-team-up-on-a-new-swimming-wearable/">new swimming wearable that Misfit and Speedo </a>team up to create. But wearables are a small fraction of the new products that should find their own way to be recycled or managed as residuals. Many new products are rapidly produced and circulated worldwide and their consumption will create new challenges for our industry. </div>
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The gradual wider application of 3D printers will also play in important role in redefining the term waste and recycling too. For an introduction to 3D printers and the change that they will bring, just have a look at <a href="http://www.engineering.com/Videos/InShortChannel/VideoId/3113/In-Short-Latest-Advances-In-3D-Printing.aspx">Todd Grimm's video</a></div>
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<a href="http://cdn.knoxblogs.com/atomiccity/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2008/06/boatnerblog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://cdn.knoxblogs.com/atomiccity/wp-content/uploads/sites/11/2008/06/boatnerblog.jpg" height="221" width="320" /></a></div>
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Spent photovoltaics, gadgets, mobile phones, wearables, nanomaterials, new composite packaging materials and complex biomaterials are just some examples of what the industry has to manage already, without adequate know-how and established practices. The shift to circular economy will certainly provide some solutions, sooner or later, but we can’t expect that this will be the prevailing paradigm in the near future, despite the efforts made.</div>
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In brief, what we can already suppose is that each and every new material or product it will need its own life-cycle analysis, its own management cycle and its own design for recycling, if and when recycling will be the case - otherwise, it will need a certain way to dispose it of safely, until recycling or recovery techniques will be available. We are living already this problem with the rapidly increasing stream of e-waste.</div>
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Unfortunately, I believe this is just the beginning of our problems, since materials and new products are coming much faster that our know-how and capacity to manage them as recyclables or waste streams. </div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com11tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-8704606725010724722015-08-13T08:29:00.000-07:002015-08-13T08:30:37.478-07:0010 trends that will reshape waste management - Trend #1: Internet of Things<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: inherit;">Following my latest blog, I will continue writing about the 10 trends that will reshape what is called "waste management" today. <span style="font-size: small;">It is mentioned that Circular Economy is not
included in this list because it is considered more as a background concept
that influences all the current trends and less as a trend itself (see my earlier posts about it). </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-size: small;">So, <b>Trend#1: Internet of Things</b></span></span><br />
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<![endif]--><!--StartFragment--><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Maybe a lot of people are already involved in the rumours around Apple's new iPad and its <a href="http://mashable.com/2015/08/12/split-view-ipad-mini-4/">multitasking capacity</a>. However, the revolution is much wider.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The convergence of the current web with the
emerging web of sensors (already more than 13 billion sensors are on-line
worldwide and they are expected to be more than 30 billion in 2020) and the
growing web of small energy generators will create new unprecedented
opportunities and threats. The pace of change is very fast, already Google Cloud Platform's entire <a href="http://www.zdnet.com/article/google-cloud-platforms-entire-big-data-suite-now-generally-available/">big data suite is available</a>.</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The deluge of data generated by transactions,
medical and legal records, videos, social media, sensors, cameras, bar codes
and transmitters embedded in the world around us has an enormous economic and
technology potential. </span></span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.gadgetocosmos.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/IoT2.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" src="http://www.gadgetocosmos.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/IoT2.png" height="282" width="320" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">However, I believe the most important change is another one. There is a fundamental change underway in how the world
solves problems like poverty, gender based violence and environmental
degradation. In the past, these problems were mostly left to national
governments and international bureaucracies. Today, there are hundreds or maybe
thousands emerging “global solution networks” where self-selecting networks of
individuals and organizations convene across sectors to advance their own
solutions. In many cases, these emerging solutions are more agile, innovative
and effective than the traditional state-based institutions. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">In the new,
networked model of problem solving, technology provides the enabling platform
on which diverse participants come together to develop and implement solutions
to global problems. Technology not only fosters low-cost connectivity across
borders but also provides a richer palette of data, tools and techniques with
which to transform the way we solve global challenges. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The proliferation of
RFID, satellite imagery, cheap personal video recorders, smartphones, and a
global grid of wireless sensors have driven quantum leaps in the amount of
Internet-collected data available to scientists and policy makers. Robots will be also available for many waste management applications - just have a look at the<a href="http://boston.cbslocal.com/2015/08/12/mit-engineers-program-beer-delivering-robots/"> recent MIT's robotic bartender</a> and you will get an idea of the future. Besides all,
the development of low cost and high connectivity sensors is expected to
transform the design, construction and operation of all kind of facilities and
it is expected that sanitary landfills will also benefit a lot from that. </span><!--EndFragment--></span><br />
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<a href="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQRteA0vKs-Lw8b5SbJEiD9qLPbOBIA1ppjxNU8yVZliv7-C8iu" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><img border="0" src="https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQRteA0vKs-Lw8b5SbJEiD9qLPbOBIA1ppjxNU8yVZliv7-C8iu" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: "MS 明朝"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">There will be many and radical impacts to waste management. Let me just mention some of them. </span><span style="font-size: small;">The Internet of Things will make zero waste approaches and circular economy a tangible reality for everything that's </span>worthy enough to hold a sensor. Or just imagine what driverless cars will mean for waste collection systems, in a world where mobile apps a<a href="https://mobilesyrup.com/2015/08/12/vancouver-based-mojio-launches-app-marketplace-for-its-connected-car-platform/">re already available for connecting cars</a>!. It will redefine the very concept of "waste" and it will boost the replacement of ownership with the service model. It will also redefine the way we design and implement logistics and facilities, creating new hybrid models where citizens and equipment will interact continuously towards optimisation targets. At the same time, it will create new ways for preventing and reducing waste in all the phases of the life-cycle of a product. And this is just the beginning of the third industrial revolution. You better be ready for radical changes within next 10-15 years. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><br />
I hope that those changes will be helpful (of course subject to their use and social context) to tackle the global environmental challenges that are still underestimated: just yesterday, Global Footprint Network announced that <a href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/marco-lambertini/earth-overshoot-day_b_7973248.html">humanity has spent our planet's budget for the entire next year</a>! But, remember, this is just Trend #1 - much more are coming</span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-68134294600043190382015-08-03T23:14:00.001-07:002015-08-03T23:14:24.510-07:00The future of waste management as seen from Mars: the context<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
Well, sometimes I wish to travel with NASA's Curiosity, this magnificent spacecraft that has already provided us with many unique pictures and insights from Mars (some recent can be seen <a href="http://www.seattlepi.com/news/slideshow/A-cave-crab-seen-on-Mars-114551.php">here</a>). And I wish to be there just to see our blue planet from a distance and try to imagine, from such a time and space distance, the future of our planet and of course, the future of waste management. Some of you already know that I like to think a lot about the future, in many different ways.<br />
<br />
My article on the <a href="http://www.waste-management-world.com/articles/print/volume-11/issue-2/features/waste-management-2030.html">future of waste management around 2030</a> has been a huge success, with hundreds of thousands readers. I guess this is time to rethink on that specific subject and this is not only by ...Curiosity. This is also because our world is changing much faster than we are able to adapt to the changes, faster even than McLaren 650S, this great piece of science and technique advances, which is going to be <a href="http://www.carscoops.com/2015/08/mclaren-650s-to-be-replaced-in-2018.html">replaced in 2018</a>.<br />
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<a href="http://beatcollege.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/the-future-600x300.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://beatcollege.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/the-future-600x300.jpg" height="160" width="320" /></a></div>
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Although it is very difficult to identify future trends with
a relative certainty (as Niels Bohr put it “prediction is very difficult especially
about the future”), there are certain ways that are helpful in order to outline
the key-trends. First of all, the future of waste management should be
studied in the context of the future trends of our world. Waste management is
an integral part of our day to day life and the major shifts that affect
people’s daily lives, in one or another way, affect behaviours, technologies,
logistics and finally waste management arrangements too.</div>
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Listening to industry experts is a certain way to understand
some future trends, especially the ones that are more close to industrial
innovation activities. Industry experts are familiar with the major problems
that they face to their day-to-day activities and they create the conceptual
basis for the future improvements required, although this is usually done
through continuous optimization procedures rather than radical shifts. Studying the evolution of research topics and activities,
talking with researchers and following the most important scientific
publications is another key-element to identify issues related to the future of
waste management. A sensitive and careful analysis of the major research
priorities and trends creates a good picture of “what’s next”. </div>
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So, in my next blogs, I will present the major trends that I believe they will reshape the future of waste management and recycling industry. But let's start from the general global context.</div>
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We are living in an era of rapid technological growth that
generates game-changers like drones, driverless cars, sensors for everything, big
data systems, the web of machines and interconnected things etc. There is a
growing literature that characterizes our era as the most transformative period
of modern history.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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Information technology is entering the big data era. Process
power and data storage are becoming almost free; networks and the cloud will
provide global access and pervasive services; social media and cyber-security
will be large new markets. This growth and diffusion will present significant
challenges for governments and societies, which must find ways to capture the
benefits of new IT technologies while dealing with the new threats that those
technologies present. Fear of the growth of an Orwellian surveillance state may
lead citizens particularly in the developed world to pressure their governments
to restrict or dismantle big data systems. But the technological progress runs faster than <a href="http://usainbolt.com/">Usain Bolt</a>. As an example, see the recent <a href="http://www.forbes.com/sites/marcochiappetta/2015/07/30/obama-calls-for-1-exaflop-super-computer-in-next-decade/">Obama's call for 1 Exaflop super computer in next decade</a>.</div>
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New manufacturing and automation technologies such as
additive manufacturing (3D printing) and robotics have the potential to change
work patterns in both the developing and developed worlds. In developed
countries these technologies will improve productivity, address labor
constraints, and diminish the need for outsourcing, especially if reducing the
length of supply chains brings clear benefits. Nevertheless, such technologies
could still have
a similar effect as outsourcing: they could make more low- and
semi-skilled manufacturing workers
in developed economies redundant,
exacerbating domestic inequalities. For developing economies, particularly
Asian ones, the new technologies will stimulate new manufacturing capabilities
and further increase the competitiveness of Asian manufacturers and suppliers. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://claimvantage.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Technology-blog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://claimvantage.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Technology-blog.jpg" height="221" width="320" /></a></div>
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Breakthroughs, especially for technologies pertaining to the
security of vital resources—will be necessary to meet the food, water, and
energy needs of the world’s population. Key technologies likely to be at the
forefront of maintaining such resources
in the next 15-20 years will include
genetically modified crops, precision agriculture, water irrigation techniques,
solar energy, advanced bio-based fuels, and enhanced oil and natural gas
extraction via fracturing. Given the vulnerabilities of developing economies to
key resource supplies and prices and the early impacts of climate change, key
developing countries may realize substantial rewards in commercializing many
next-generation resource technologies first. <o:p></o:p></div>
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New health technologies will continue to extend the average
age of populations around the world, by ameliorating debilitating
physical and
mental conditions and improving overall wellbeing. A recent example considers the <a href="https://www.blogger.com/World's%20first%20braille%20smartwatch%20allows%20blind%20to%20read%20iPhone%20messages%20%20Read%20more:%20http://www.smh.com.au/digital-life/wearables/worlds-first-braille-smartwatch-allows-blind-to-read-iphone-messages-20150804-giqw6c.html#ixzz3hp7t1VXf">world's first braille smartwatch </a>that allows blind people to read i-phone messages. The greatest gains in
healthy longevity
are likely to occur in those countries with developing
economies as the size of their middle class populations swells. The health-care
systems in these countries may be poor today, but by 2030 they will make
substantial progress in the longevity potential of their populations; by 2030
many leading centers of innovation in disease management will be in the
developing world. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">So there is a major question:
will technological breakthroughs be developed in time to boost economic
productivity and solve the problems caused by a growing world population, rapid
urbanization, and climate change? <o:p></o:p></i></div>
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The answer to this question depends a lot on (global,
national and local) governance patterns and their evolution. During the next
15-20 years, as power becomes even more diffuse than today, a growing number of
diverse state and non-state actors, as well as subnational actors, such as
cities, will play important governance roles. The increasing number of players
needed to solve major transnational challenges—and their discordant values—will
complicate decision-making. Prospects for achieving progress on global issues
will vary across issues. The governance gap will continue to be most pronounced
at the domestic level and driven by
rapid political and social changes. The
advances
during the past couple decades in health, education, and income—which
are expected to continue, if not accelerated in some cases—will drive new governance
structures. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://blogs.civicus.org/worldassembly/files/2012/07/Global-Governance.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://blogs.civicus.org/worldassembly/files/2012/07/Global-Governance.jpg" height="180" width="320" /></a></div>
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The widespread use of new communications technologies will
become a double-edged sword for governance. On the one hand, social networking
will enable citizens to coalesce and challenge governments. On the other hand,
such technologies will provide governments an unprecedented ability to monitor
their citizens. It is unclear how the balance will be struck between greater
IT-enabled individuals and networks and traditional political structures. And although the debate regarding the moral aspects of this revolution is going to be much stronger and substantial, as it <a href="http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/porn-ban-citing-morality-government-orders-blocking-of-857-websites/">is the case now in India</a>, with the block of porn sites, the pace of change will continue to accelerate. </div>
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The current, largely Western dominance of global structures
such as the UN Security Council, World Bank, and IMF probably will have been
transformed by 2030 to be more in line with the changing hierarchy of new
economic players. Many second-tier emerging powers will be making their mark—at
least as emerging regional leaders. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i>So another major
question is will governments and institutions be able to adapt fast enough to
utilize the change instead of being overwhelmed by it? <o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<!--EndFragment--><div class="MsoNormal">
Well, the answers to those questions will certainly determine the future of waste management too - but we will dig deeper later on that. </div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-24747079513404494652015-05-14T01:55:00.000-07:002015-05-14T01:55:33.056-07:00Circular Economy needs more Waste Management than linear one!<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW8FRlIkWtz0Qbe5XURXWnCB8bH2naFrhUMQF9zRmKc9bVGZiMPnvAX3SAmyanovQ-TqDsy0a0wd8t2_nJaV981zwmU_aOg_UCvH7CZxP-1d70DhaoP3LanJ1U7w9I0Z3RHnna3kqBCMU/s1600/icon2-1024x1024.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiW8FRlIkWtz0Qbe5XURXWnCB8bH2naFrhUMQF9zRmKc9bVGZiMPnvAX3SAmyanovQ-TqDsy0a0wd8t2_nJaV981zwmU_aOg_UCvH7CZxP-1d70DhaoP3LanJ1U7w9I0Z3RHnna3kqBCMU/s320/icon2-1024x1024.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
While the circular economy saga is becoming mainstream (I
have already written my concerns regarding circular economy in this blog<a href="http://mavropoulos.blogspot.com)">)</a>,
the future of waste management is somehow blurred between circular economy and
zero waste concepts. And there are many people that believe that there is no
future for the waste management industry as circular economy approaches will be
gradually expanded and cover the most important economic sectors. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
There is nothing as misleading as this belief and allow me
to explain why. First of all, the circular economy concepts, as well as the
zero waste approaches, require much more and not less waste management. Their
implementation requires advanced management of multiple streams of materials,
before they become waste but after they have been discarded from the main
production. Those streams must be as clean as possible in order to have high
added value, so advanced treatment for removal of residuals will be required,
in one or another way. And of course, there will be always residuals looking
for appropriate final sinks, including energy recovery where this is possible.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
A second reason is less obvious. Circular economy concepts
are fueled (besides other) by the problems and challenges that were identified
during decades of waste management progress, especially in developed countries.
Gradually, through positive and negative experiences, we realized that no
matter how advanced would be the waste management and recycling progress, it is
the production and consumption of products that finally determine the waste
management dynamics and the increasing waste volumes. But no matter how circular
the economy will be, since production and consumption of goods as well as their
diversification will continue to rise, there will always be new waste
management problems and a permanent dynamic towards cleaner, more efficient,
faster and safer waste management. I am sorry but waste is simply a daily
product of the urban metabolism…<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
If those reasons are not enough to persuade you that
circular economy needs more (but also better and different) and not less waste
management, have a look at Veolia’s contribution to circular economy’s
discussion (see at <a href="http://www.veolia.com/en/veolia-group/media/news/circular-economy-sustainable-opportunity">http://www.veolia.com/en/veolia-group/media/news/circular-economy-sustainable-opportunity</a>
). <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is more than clear that one of the
biggest waste management multinationals faces circular economy as an
opportunity and not as a threat. And it is not the only one, because there are
more good reasons for such an approach.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Circular economy concepts, if successfully applied, will
create a landscape where waste and resource management will be integrated not
only on global, national or regional level but also on each and every supply
chain. This means that waste management will be internalized in the relevant
industrial processes, as a key-component of them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is a new business challenge for an
industry that knows how to make money from residual streams. And for some
people, the business case will be similar to the software. Software development
and applications are required in each and every modern industry and they are
becoming a core element of it – this is a blue ocean for the software industry,
despite the fact that most of the big companies have internalized their
software applications and they have their own IT departments.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A similar case should be expected for waste
management too. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Last but not least, it is always good to remember that the
waste management sector makes already an important contribution by delivering
closed loops for specific materials, recovering energy potential and ensuring
safe disposal for the non-recyclable part. We are far away from being “as good
as we can”, but I believe that the sector’s resource added value is rather
underestimated. It is time to justify it in a better and more integrated way.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
So keep your eyes open, because within next months, ISWA’s
Task Force on Resource Management will publish its report on resource
efficiency and the role of the waste management sector. For a starter have a
look at <a href="http://www.iswa.org/iswa/iswa-groups/task-forces/task-force-details/tf/show_detail/task-force-on-resource-management/">http://www.iswa.org/iswa/iswa-groups/task-forces/task-force-details/tf/show_detail/task-force-on-resource-management/</a><o:p></o:p></div>
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For the main course, join ISWA 2015 conference in Antwerp (<a href="http://iswa2015.org/">http://iswa2015.org</a>)</div>
<o:p></o:p></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com12tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7596263165543280417.post-69675957537015827672015-01-06T04:31:00.001-08:002015-01-06T04:31:17.981-08:00Circular economy and technology<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Source: <span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Lora, sans-serif; font-size: x-small; line-height: 1.1;">Tim Heffernan, <a href="http://Inside a mile-deep open-pit copper mine after a catastrophic landslide">here</a></span></td></tr>
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<!--StartFragment-->This is the third post regarding circular economy. In my first one (see here<span style="color: #444444;">)</span> I argued that before discussing the details we have to deal with the concept of circular economy and I put some conceptual questions. In my second one (see here) I discussed circular economy and economic growth and my conclusion was that circular economy can’t resolve (or it can only partially resolve) the conflict between environmental impacts and economic activity, even if it is 100% adopted worldwide because there are planetary, natural limits to growth. I finished this post writing that “<span style="color: #444444;">Circular</span> economy approaches are helpful and useful, but they are limited (and at the same time stimulated) by limits to growth<span style="color: #444444;">.</span>”</div>
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In this third post, I will deal with the relation between <span style="color: #444444;">circular</span> economy and technology development, or to put it in another way to study the dynamics between technology development and resource management.</div>
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We all know that any naturally or physically growing system can be understood in terms of stocks, flows and feedback. Stocks are accumulations of things that change over time through the interaction between inflows and outflows. Feedback occurs when changes in the size or composition of a stock <span style="color: #444444;">affect</span> the rates of inflows and/or outflows (feedback maybe positive or negative). As it has been proven, in a bounded natural environment, the balance between inflows and outflows is determined by different principles for renewable and non-renewable resources (for more see G. Turner “A comparison of The Limits to Growth with 30 years of reality”, Global Environmental Change 18 (2008) 397– 411 <a href="http://graduateinstitute.ch/files/live/sites/iheid/files/sites/political_science/users/elena.gadjanova/public/Issues%20in%20Env%20Politics%202010/Turner%202008.pdf">here</a>).</div>
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Consider non-renewable resources like oil, rare metals, phosphorus etc. I think that if we use the example of oil, we can better understand the role of technology from a systemic point of view, exactly as it has been discussed by Donella Meadows at her masterpiece “Thinking in Systems – a Primer” (for more see <a href="http://www.chelseagreen.com/bookstore/item/thinking_in_systems:paperback/reviews">here</a>). </div>
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So, when a new oilfield is exploited, part of the profits gained is invested in establishing new additional oil wells, something that results to additional oil extraction. This leads to more profits and <span style="color: #444444;">extra</span> investment in oil wells. This is a typical positive (or reinforcing) feedback and the <span style="color: #444444;">economics</span> work in such a way that the easiest (and less costly) oil resources are firstly depleted. In any case, there is a time where extraction will become more difficult and costly, so the expected benefits will <span style="color: #444444;">be lower than</span> the costs involved for oilfield exploitation and this will reduce the investments in new oil wells. This <span style="color: #444444;">is a typical</span> negative feedback or a balancing one. But this will also make oil scarcer, so its prices will rise and so more money will be available for investments in <span style="color: #444444;">difficult</span> and costly oilfields. This description outlines how different types of feedback determine the system’s behavior for short or long periods. Studying the history of oil exploitation certainly demonstrates the political, social and economic importance of those feedbacks (for more on this topic I strongly suggest Sonia Shah’s book “Crude: The story of oil”, see <a href="http://catalog.sevenstories.com/products/crude">here</a>). </div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Source: New York Tines <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2010/12/26/us/26spill.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0">here</a></td></tr>
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<span style="color: #444444;">Nonetheless,</span> what is the final result? As Meadows has shown and Sonia Shah demonstrated a. the potential lifetime of a newly discovered oil field (under the initial conditions and scale of operations) is substantially reduced as a result of the system dynamics b. oil companies invest for new fields in some of the most impoverished and unstable areas of the world and c. new technological advances (e.g. deep water drilling) are making new, very difficult and costly oil fields available but with substantial environmental and health risks.</div>
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In this point, I think it is useful to mention one of the key-conclusions made by the National Commission on the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Offshore Drilling in its report "Deep Water: The Gulf Oil Spill and the Future of Offshore Drilling," Report to the President, January 2011 (for a summary see <a href="http://www.eoearth.org/view/article/162358/">here</a>). </div>
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“Scientific understanding of environmental conditions in sensitive environments in deep Gulf waters, along the region’s coastal habitats, and in areas proposed for more drilling, such as the Arctic, is inadequate. The same is true of the human and natural impacts of oil spills<span style="color: #fa5050;">.</span>”</div>
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It <span style="color: #444444;">does seem to me that</span> the concept of natural limits to growth is here again and technology can’t overcome it, no matter how advanced it will be. And the reason for that is that as our technologies <span style="color: #444444;">become ever more</span> advanced and complex, they try to resolve problems in much more complex and less understood conditions. The <span style="color: #444444;">consequence</span> of this exponentially increasing complexity is that “complex systems fail in complex ways”, which are not predictable!</div>
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From a resource point of view, <span style="color: #444444;">further</span> more advanced and efficient technologies make new oil fields available (e.g. fracking and its impact in US economy). So this provides more oil and maybe it expands the time where oil will be available, with a certain environmental cost (for details see <a href="http://www.economist.com/debate/debates/overview/246">here</a><span style="color: #444444;">).</span> <span style="color: #444444;">Nevertheless,</span> the big picture is that those technological advances are making the depletion of oil resources faster!</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Source: <a href="http://urtechtransfer.wordpress.com/2012/07/31/technology-development-fund-accepting-applications/">here</a></td></tr>
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It is not so difficult to prove that the role of technological advances is similar to renewable resources too; the main difference is that renewable resources like fish population are controlled by the balance between inflows and outflows and not but stock availability (scientifically we say that they are flow limited, while non-renewable are stock limited). </div>
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I believe the example of oil highlights the role of technology from a resource point of view. Technology <span style="color: #444444;">developments</span> can’t overcome limits to growth and at the same time they accelerate the process of depletion of non-renewable resources because stocks are finally limited, despite the temporal system dynamics and pricing. And certainly, as technology complexity grows, environmental and health risks are becoming more and more difficult <span style="color: #444444;">to be managed</span>. </div>
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The term “throughput” is frequently used to describe the flow of energy and matter from ecological resources through the economy and back to ecological sinks. <span style="color: #444444;">At</span> this <span style="color: #444444;">point,</span> I will use the phrasing from the article “A systems and thermodynamics perspective on technology in the circular economy” (written by Ramelt & Chrisp, available at Real World Economics Review, issue 68, see <a href="http://www.paecon.net/PAEReview/issue68/RammeltCrisp68.pdf">here</a><span style="color: #444444;">)</span>.</div>
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“For industrial systems, a low throughput of matter and energy implies a smaller ecological footprint and greater life expectancy and durability of goods and infrastructure; a high throughput implies more depletion of resources that will need to be renewed and more waste that will need to be disposed of (Meadows and Wright 2008). System dynamics and thermodynamics tell us that a tolerable rate of throughput and <span style="color: #444444;">entropic</span> transformation is ultimately dictated by the natural system, not by economics or engineering. </div>
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A possible task for engineering, within limits, would be to maximise <span style="color: #444444;">the durability</span> of stocks by minimising inflows of low entropy natural resources and by minimising outflows of high entropy waste and emissions. The role that industrial societies have assigned to technology is, however, much more Herculean. We have asked it to simultaneously and boundlessly minimise environmental impacts and maximise economic growth.”. </div>
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The direct consequence of this analysis is that as long as we maintain high throughput, as long as we keep high material and energy consumption patterns (as nations, industries and citizens too) we can’t expect technology to manage the existing <span style="color: #444444;">biophysical</span> limits of the planet, independently of how circular we will make the economy. And the waste generation will keep growing because waste <span style="color: #444444;">is the product of</span> a high throughput and technologies can only accelerate its generation. <!--EndFragment--></div>
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